1. , , :
, (7.1)
: 49,5
43,0,
u ( ), 2 , ,
Ơ ,
. (7.2),
Ơ lim b .6.3 . , 2530 , . : . (7.3)
L , :
, (7.4)
, : 107;
( , , , , ).
2,6, 2,6. L 1,8.
L , .
1,11,2 =1,21,3 .
, 0,150,4.
, . .7.1
7.1.
KHβ
| , | |
350 | 350 | |
1,00 1,15 1,10 1,25 1,2 1,35 | 1,05 1,25 1,15 1,35 1,25 1,45 |
.
2185-81:
|
|
1- : 40, 50, 63, 80, 100, 125, 160, 200, 250, 315, 400, 500, 630, 800, 1000,..
2- : 71, 90, 112, 140, 180, 224, 280, 355, 450, 560, 710, 900, 1120,1400,..
.
2. ,
(0,01 0,03) 9563-80.
1- : 1; 1,25; 2; 2,5; 3; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12; 16; 20;
2- : 1,375; 1,75; 2,25; 2,75; 3,5; 4,5; 7; 9; 11; 14; 18; 22.
.
mn ..
3. : .
():
. (7.5)
:
, (7.6)
β , mt =1/ cos β .
β = 8150; β = 25400.
4. :
; . (7.7)
; 2185: 1- : 1; 1,25; 1,6; 2,0; 2,5; 3,15; 4,0; 5,0; 6,3; 8,0; 10,0.
2 - : 1,12; 1,4; 1,8; 2,24; 2,8; 3,55; 4,5; 5,6; 7,1; 9,0; 11,2.
.
3%.
aω = 0,5(z 1 + z 2) mn,
aω = 0,5(z 1 + z 2) mn / cos β. (7.8)
aω . β:
cos β = 0,5(z 1 + z 2) mn / aω. (7.9)
. :
d1= z1mn/ cos β. d2= z2mn/ cos β. (7.10)
, aω = 0,5(d 1 + d 2).
5. :
ࠠ b 2 = Ψba aω,
蠠 b 1 = b 2 + (2-8). ( )
da 1 = d 1 +2 mn; da 2 = d 2 +2 mn ..
Ψbd = b 1 / d 1. (7. 11)
6.
v v = 0,5 ω 1 d 1 . 7.2
7.2.
|
|
v
| , /. | ||||
5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | ||
| |||||
8 | 7 | ||||
350 | 1,05 | ||||
350 | 1,1 | ||||
350 | 1,0 | 1,01 | 1,02 | 1,05 | |
350 | 1,0 | 1,05 | 1,07 | 1,1 |
7. :
. (7.12)
, (7.13)
: KH =β V a .
β . 7.1, V . 7.2.
a . 7.3
7.3.
a
| , / | ||||
1 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 | |
6 | 1 | 1,02 | 1,03 | 1,04 | 1,05 |
7 | 1,02 | 1,05 | 1,07 | 1,10 | 1,12 |
8 | 1,06 | 1,09 | 1,013 | ||
9 | 1,1 | 1,16 |
. a =1.
, (7.12) (7.13) , (7.3).
10%.
8.
( ) :
, (7.14)
堠 Ft = 2 T 1 / d 1 = 2 T 2 / d 2 () (7.15)
F = KFβ KFv , (7.16)
KFβ , , . 7.4.
7.4.
KFβ
Ψ bd = b / dω 1 |
| |||||||
350 | 350 | |||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | |
0,2 | 1,00 | 1,04 | 1,18 | 1,1 | 1,03 | 1,05 | 1,35 | 1,2 |
0,4 | 1,03 | 1,07 | 1,37 | 1,21 | 1,07 | 1,1 | 1,7 | 1,45 |
0,6 | 1,05 | 1,12 | 1,62 | 1,4 | 1,09 | 1,18 | 1,72 | |
0,8 | 1,08 | 1,17 | 1,59 | 1,13 | 1,28 | |||
1,0 | 1,1 | 1,23 | 1,2 | 1,4 | ||||
1,2 | 1,13 | 1,3 | 1,3 | 1,53 | ||||
1,4 | 1,19 | 1,38 | 1,4 | |||||
1,6 | 1,25 | 1,45 |
. 1 ; 2 ; 3 ; 4 , .
KFv , , . 7.5.
7.5.
KFv
, | , /. | |||
3 | 38 | 812,5 | ||
6 | 350 | 1/1 | 1,2/1 | 1,3/1 |
6 | 350 | 1/1 | 1,15/1 | 1,25/1 |
7 | 350 | 1,15/1 | 1,35/1 | 1,45/1,2 |
7 | 350 | 1,15/1 | 1,25/1,1 | 1,35/1,1 |
8 | 350 | 1,25/1,1 | 1,45/1,3 | -/1,4 |
8 | 350 | 1,2/1,1 | 1,35/1,2 | -/1,3 |
. KFv , .
|
|
ΥF , , , :
z | 17 | 20 | 25 | 30 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 | 80 | >100 |
ΥF | 4,28 | 4,09 | 3,9 | 3,8 | 3,7 | 3,66 | 3,62 | 3,61 | 3,61 | 3,6 |
ΥF z, zv, .
ZV = Z / Cos 3 β (7.17)
Υβ :
Υβ =(1- β 0 ) / 140, (7.18)
β 0 .
KFa :
KFa = , (7.19)
ε , n c .
ε = 1,5 8-; KFa = 0,92.
[ σ F ] :
[ σ F ] = σ 0 Flimb / [ SF ], (7.20)
[ SF ] = [ SF ]' + [ SF ]''. [ SF ]' ( 7.6). [ SF ]'' : [ SF ]''=1; [ SF ]''=1,15; [ SF ]''=1,3.
σ 0 Flimb 7.6.
7.6.