1. , , .. , . , , , .
2. , . . , . .
86,31 (10) → 126,23 (8)
86 (10) → 126 (8) 86∟8 80 10∟8 6 8 1 2 | 0,31 (10) → 0,23 (8) 0, 31 * 8 2, 48 * 8 3, 84 |
3. ,
( 3).
() , () , ,
() .
86,31 (10) → 126,23 (8) → 1010110,010011 (2) → 56,4 (16)
4. , , .
1010110,010011(2)→1*26+0*25+1*24+0*23+1*22+1*22+1*21+0*20+0*2-1+1*2-2+
6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6
+0*2-3 +0*2-4 +1*2-5 +1*2-6=64+0+16+0+4+2+0+0+0,25+0+0,03+0,02=86,3(10)
, . , - . 2 .
1)
Ø .
2) , 1. , , , , , .
1. 1001110101, 011 + 11110110, 010 1101101011, 101 | 2. - 11011101011, 001 10101101, 011 11000111101, 110 |
2 −
|
|
0 + 0 = 0 | 0 0 = 0 |
1 + 0 = 1 | 1 0 = 1 |
0 + 1 = 1 | 1 1 = 0 |
1 + 1 = 10 | 10 1 = 1 |
3 −
0 | 000 | 0 | 0 |
1 | 001 | 1 | 1 |
2 | 010 | 2 | 2 |
3 | 011 | 3 | 3 |
4 | 100 | 4 | 4 |
5 | 101 | 5 | 5 |
6 | 110 | 6 | 6 |
7 | 111 | 7 | 7 |
8 | 1000 | 10 | 8 |
9 | 1001 | 11 | 9 |
10 | 1010 | 12 | |
11 | 1011 | 13 | |
12 | 1100 | 14 | |
13 | 1101 | 15 | D |
14 | 1110 | 16 | E |
15 | 1111 | 17 | F |
:
: 437,49 19,63
1) :
437,49 | ||
437∟8 432 54∟8 5 48 6 6 | 0, 49 * 8 3, 92 * 8 7, 36 | 437, 49 (10) → 665, 37 (8) |
19,63 | ||
19∟8 16 2 3 | 0, 63 * 8 5, 04 * 8 0, 32 | 19, 63 (10) → 23, 50 (8) |
2) , :
437, 49 (10) → 665, 37 (8) → 110110101, 011111 (2) → 15, 7 (16)
19, 63 (10) → 23, 50 (8) → 10011, 101000 (2) → 13, (16)
3) :
110110101, 011111 + 10011, 101000 111001001, 000111 | - 110110101, 011111 10011, 101000 110100001, 110111 |
4) :
111001001, 000111 → 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 | 1*2 8+1*2 7+1*2 6+1*2 3+1*2 0+1*2 -4+1*2 -5 +1*2 -6= |
= | 256+128+64+8+1+0,06+0,03+0,02 = 457,11 (10) |
110100001, 110111 → 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5 -6 | 1*2 8+1*2 7+1*2 5+1*2 0+1*2 -1+1*2 -2+1*2 -4+1*2 -5+1*2 -6= |
= | 256+128+32+1+0,5+0,25+0,06+0,03+0,02 = 417,86 (10) |
5) :
437, 49 + 19, 63 457, 12 | 437, 49 - 19, 63 417, 86 |
:
0,01. .
2.
. . (binary digit)
1 Ø . , . 8, 16, 32, 64 . 8 () . . (, , , ). :
1 ()=1024 =210
1 () = 220
|
|
1 () = 230
:
20 = 20 ; 20×8 = 160 ; 20/1024 = 0,0195
2) | |||||||||||
10 | 3 | 1 | 15 | 16 | 3 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 15 |
: 103, 115, 163, 103
103 (10) → 1100111(2) → 147 (8) → 67 (16)
103∟2
102 51∟2
1 50 25∟2
1 24 12∟2
1 12 6∟2
0 6 3∟2
0 2 1
1
:
1100111 (2) → 1*2 6 +1*2 5 +0*2 4 +0*2 3 + 1*2 2 +1*2 1 +1*2 0 =
6 5 4 3 2 1 0
= 64 + 32 + 0 + 0 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 103 (10)
147 (8) → 1*8 2 +4*8 1 +7*8 0 = 64 + 32 + 7 = 103 (10)
2 1 0
67 (16) → 6*16 1 +7*16 0 = 96 + 7 = 103 (10) .. .
1 0