.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


1(x1, y1, z1), M2(x2, y2, z2) .

, 1 2 (, , z) .

 

, ..

() = 0

:

,

.

 

, . (, , z), , .

 

:

 

 

.

 

. 0(0, 0, z 0), , 0 (A, B, C) :

A (x x 0) + B (y y 0) + C (z z 0) = 0.

 

. (, , z), , . .. - , , , , .

× = 0

 

,

 

.

 

 

.

+ + z + D = 0 (-D)

,

, :

 

a, b, c , , z.

 

 

.

- - (, , z),

- , , , .

 

a, b g - , , , z.

p .

 

:

xcosa + ycosb + zcosg - p = 0.

 

.

0(0, 0, z0) ++z+D=0 :

 

. , , (4; -3; 12) , .

 

 

, A = 4/13; B = -3/13; C = 12/13, :

 

A(x x0) + B(y y0) + C(z z0) = 0.

 

 

 

. , P(2; 0; -1)

Q(1; -1; 3) 3 + 2 z + 5 = 0.

 

3 + 2 z + 5 = 0 .

:

 

 

. , (2, -1, 4)

(3, 2, -1) + + 2 z 3 = 0.

 

: A x + B y + C z + D = 0, (A, B, C). (1, 3, -5) . , (1, 1, 2). .. , ,

, (11, -7, -2). .. , , .. 11×2 + 7×1 - 2×4 + D = 0; D = -21.

 

, : 11 x - 7 y 2 z 21 = 0.

 

 

. , , (4, -3, 12) , .

 

= (4, -3, 12). : 4 x 3 y + 12 z + D = 0. D :

16 + 9 + 144 + D = 0

D = -169

, : 4 x 3 y + 12 z 169 = 0

 

 

. 1(1; 0; 3), A2(2; -1; 3), A3(2; 1; 1),

A4(1; 2; 5).

 

1) 12.

 

2) 12 14.

3) 14 123.

 

123 .

 

= (2-1; 1-0; 1-3) = (1; 1; -2);

 

.

-4 4 = -8.

g g = 900 - b.

 

4) 123.

 

 

5) .

 

(3).

 

6) 123.

 

, .

 

2x + 2y + 2z 8 = 0

 

x + y + z 4 = 0;

 

 

 

.

 

.

, - . .

 

. y = f(x) , .

 

, , t.

. .

 

.

 

.

+ + = 0,

, , .. 2 + 2 ¹ 0. .

 

, :

- C = 0, ¹ 0, ¹ 0

- = 0, ¹ 0, ¹ 0 { By + C = 0}-

- = 0, ¹ 0, ¹ 0 { Ax + C = 0}

- = = 0, ¹ 0

- = = 0, ¹ 0

 

.

 

.

. (, ) , + + = 0.

 

. , (1, 2) (3, -1).

 

= 3 = -1 : 3 + = 0. .

: 3 2 + C = 0, = -1.

: : 3 1 = 0.

 

, .

M1(x1, y1, z1) M2(x2, y2, z2), , :

 

 

- , .

:

1 ¹ 2 = 1, 1 = 2.

= k .

 

. , (1, 2) (3, 4).

 

, :

 

.

 

+ + = 0 :

 

, k.

 

 

.

, .

 

. (a1, a2), a1 + a2 = 0

+ + = 0.

 

. (1, -1) (1, 2).

 

: Ax + By + C = 0. , :

 

1×A + (-1)×B = 0, .. = .

 

: Ax + Ay + C = 0, x + y + C/A = 0.

 

= 1, = 2 /A = -3, .. :

 

+ - 3 = 0

 

 

.

+ + = 0 ¹ 0, , , :

,

, , b .

 

. + 1 = 0. .

 

= 1, , = -1, b = 1.

 

 

.

 

+ + = 0 , ,

 

xcosj + ysinj - p = 0

.

, m× < 0.

, , j - , .

 

. 12 5 65 = 0. .

:

: ( 5)

:

 

; cosj = 12/13; sinj = -5/13; p = 5.

C , , , , .

 

. . , , 8 2.

 

: , a = b = 1; ab/2 = 8; a = 4; -4.

a = -4 .

: + 4 = 0.

 

. , (-2, -3) .

 

: , 1 = 1 = 0; x2 = -2; y2 = -3.

 

 

 

 

.

. y = k1x + b1, y = k2x + b2,

 

 

.

, k1 = k2.

, k1 = -1/k2.

 

. + + = 0 1 + 1 + 1 = 0 , 1 = l , 1 = l . 1 = l , .

.

 

 

,

.

. , 1(1, 1) = kx + b :

 

 

.

. (0, 0), + + =0

.

 

. 1(1, 1) , . 1:

(1)

x1 1 :

, 0 .

:

A(x x0) + B(y y0) + Ax0 + By0 + C = 0,

, , :

(1), :

.

 

.

 

. : y = -3x + 7; y = 2x + 1.

 

k1 = -3; k2 = 2 tgj = ; j = p/4.

 

. , 3 5 + 7 = 0 10 + 6 3 = 0 .

 

: k1 = 3/5, k2 = -5/3, k1k2 = -1, , .

 

. (0; 1), B(6; 5), C(12; -1). , .

 

: ; 4x = 6y 6;

2x 3y + 3 = 0;

: Ax + By + C = 0 y = kx + b.

k = . y = . .. , : b = 17. : .

: 3x + 2y 34 = 0.

 

 

 

.

 

 



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