.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


10.

1. Present Indefinite (Simple) ( () ).

Present Indefinite (Simple) - c to 3- -s, -es:

I (we, you, they) see, do, write, investigate, work,....

He (she, it) sees, does, writes, investigates, works,....

 

do does:

Do you (I, we, they) study? Yes, I do. (No, I don't.)

Does he (she, it) work. Yes, he does. (No, he doesn't.)

Who works? What does he do?

Does he work or study? He works.

He works, doesn't he? Yes, he does. (No, he doesn't.)

He doesn't work, does he? Yes, he does. (No, he doesn't).

 

- to have (have got), to be . , an, must, may :

He has got a large family.

Has he got a large family? Yes, he has. (No, he hasn't.)

Who has got a large family? He has.

He (She) is (I am) a teacher. Is he (she) (Are you) a teacher? Yes, he (she) is. (I am). No, he (she) isn't (I amn't).

My friend can play chess. Can he play chess. Yes, he can. (No. he can't.) Can he play chess or football? He can play chess. He cant play football.

We must go there at once. Must we go there at once? Yes, you must. (No, you mustn' t.) We must go there at once, mustn't we? Yes, you must. (No, you mustn't.)

 

1. , .

2. ,

3. - c
 

every day - ;

usually - ;

often - ;

sometimes- .

At first - ; then - , ; after - .
L.Tolstoi is a famous writer. - .

e usually has breakfast at 8.

8

I come to the office, sit down at the desk and begin to work. , .

Present Simple : if, when, as soon as, before ., Future Simple ( ).

Present Simple Present Continuous (- ) , , , : to see, to feel, to hear, to know, to understand, to want, to love, to be, to belong .

If I see him Ill tell him every- thing. , .

When she comes well see her new dress. , .

We see him now. .
I hear some noise. - .
I dont understand what he is talking about. , .

 

         

 

2. Present Conti-nuous ( ) to be ( am, are, is) + Present Participle ( - ing).
I am speaking. We (you, they) are speaking. He (she, it) is speaking.

to be :

Am I speaking? Are we (you, they) speaking? Is he (she, it) speaking?

to be ( ) not.

I am not speaking. We (you, they) are not speaking. He (she, it) is not speaking.

 

-

, -, .

, . Present Continuous , : go, start, leave, come .
-

now - ;

at the present moment (just now) - .

, - : tomorrow - ; from 2 to 3 after tomorrow - - 2 3 .

I am reading a very important paper now, don't bother me. , .

She is leaving in an hour. .

- if , when , as soon as , before .: Present Indefinite.

If I am sleeping when he comes, wake me up, please.

       

 

 

11. 11 Past Indefinite (Simple) () Present Perfect .

1. Past Indefinite , - . , .

Past Indefinite - , , . , .

Past Indefinite .

Past Indefinite .

Past Indefinite - ed - d, : to ask - he ask ed, to answer - answer ed.

- d , e: to invit e - he invit ed, to decid e - they decid ed.

- ed/-d [ id ] t d, [ d ] , d, [ t ] , t: wanted, played, opened, worked.

- y, , -y -ed i: to tr y - he tr ied, to notif y - they notif ied.

, , c: to stop - stop ped, to plan - plan ned, to quarrel - quarrel led.

Past Indefinite - . .

Past Indefinite to do did, . to.

did, not:

He asked. Did he ask? He did not ask.

Who asked? What did he do?

Did he ask or not?

He asked, didn't he?

to be :

I (he, she, it) - was; we (you, they) - were. - :

He was at home yesterday. . Was he at home yesterday? Yes, he was.

. Past Indefinite can - could, must - had to. had to did, had to have to:

Last year I could go there almost every month. .

Could you go there almost every month last year. Yes, I could. (No, I couldn't.)

He had to do it the day before yesterday. ( ) .

Did he have to do it the day before yesterday? Yes, he did. (No, he didn't.)

When did he have to do it?
He had to do it the day before yesterday, didn't he?

 

Past Indefinite :

1) (, ), , (. ).
I'm sorry I was out when you called. , , .
Where were you yesterday? ?
I went to the country with a friend of mine. .

2) , .
Last summer I often played chess. .
When he was ill we went to see him every other day. , .

used + .
We used to see each other often when I lived in Moscow. .

3) , .
Jack played chess very well when he was a small boy. , .

4) , Past Simple.
He said he lived in London. , .
I told him I didn't like fishing. , .

Past Indefinite : yesterday - ; the day before yesterday - ; yesterday morning (evening, afternoon) - (, ); last week (month, year) - ( , ); two days (weeks, years) ago - ( , ) ; in 1917 - 1917 ...

 

2. Present Perfect - to have Present Indefinite (Simple) (Past Participle) .

.

I (You,We,They) have looked through the paper. .

He (She) has looked through the paper. .

.

not .

I (You,We,They) have not looked through the paper yet.

He (She) has not looked through the paper yet.

.

Present Perfect have , (Past Participle) - .

Have you (I,we,they) looked through the paper yet? ?

: Yes, I have. No, I haven't.

Has he (she) looked through the paper yet?

: Yes, he has. No, he hasn't.

-

, - , - . .

, , .

- : never -, ever - -, yet - , already - , lately (recently) - . since - , .

today - ;

this week - ;

this month - ; this year - ..

never -; since - c...; ever - -; yet - ; already - ; lately (recently) - -, after - , .

I have interrogated the suspect. -.

This month she has done such a great work. - . He has not seen his friend this week. .  

He left in winter and he hasn't seen his brother since. .

Present Perfect - : to see, to hear, to be, to know Present Perfect Continuous.

: Present Perfect

.

Present Perfect Future Perfect if - , when - , as soon as - , before - .

He has known me for 5 years. 5 .
I have been here since 2 oclock. - .

 

I'll go to the Crimea after I have taken my exams. , -.
           

 

Present Perfect , , , .. . , - .

Present Perfect, Past Indefinite .

I have read many books by Dickens.

() .

I read many books by Dickens when I was a student.

12. 12 Future Indefinite (Simple) () , , (if...) (when...) . .

Future Indefinite shall will . to: to ask - I (we) shall ask; you (he, she, it, they) will ask.

.

not:

Shall I (we) ask? I (we) shall not (shan't) ask.

Will you (he, she, it, they) ask? You (he, she, it, they) will not (won't) ask.

Who will ask? What shal l I do?

Shall we ask or answer?

He will ask, won't he?
can Future Indefinite (Simple) to be able to c :

Next year I shall be able to go there.

Will he be able to go there tomorrow? Yes, he will. (No, he won't.)

Where will he be able to go next month?

He will be able to go there next week, won't he?

must Future Indefinite have to c - shall will:

Next year I shall have to go there.

Will he have to go there tomorrow? Yes, he will. (No, he won't.)

Where will he have to go next month?

He will have to go there next week, won't he?

 

- ,

tomorrow - ; next week - - ; in a year - .

Every day - ;

often - ;

always - .

at first - ; then - (, ); after - .
Tomorrow I shall write a letter to my girl-friend. ( ) .

I shall often write letters to my girlfriend. .

He will come home and then he will do his homework. .

: Present Indefinite, Future Indefinite

I don't know what he will say when (if) he sees it.

, , () .

If you come late tell me about that. , .

         

 

13. 13 , 10-12 .

 

14. 14 there is/there are.

, there is (), there was (), there were (), there will be (, ). , , to be

(. . is, are, was, were).

:

1. There 2. to be - .

3. . 4. :

1 2 3 4

There is an apple on the table. () .

(There isn't an apple on the table.)

1 2 3 4

There are apples on the table. () .

(There aren't apples on the table.)

to be there; to be no.

There is a lamp on the table. () .

- Is there a lamp on the table? Yes, there is.

- What is there on the table?

- Is there a lamp or a book on the table?

- There is a lamp on the table, isn't there?

There is no lamp on the table. (There isn't a lamp on the

table.)

, to be :

There is a picture on the wall. () .
, and, to be :
There was a table and a bookcase in the room. .
, to be , :
There was a table and several chairs in the room. .
: There were several chairs and a table in the room. .

15. 15 . 10-12 .

16. 16 , , , . if (), when (), as soon as ( ) . Present Indefinite (Simple) . 10.1.

When I come back home, I will phone you. , .

will do it tomorrow if she tells him about our meeting. , .

As soon as we finish our work, they will give us a lift home. , .

17. (The Degrees of Com-parison of the Adjectives) 17.

(, (, , ..): big, small, red, heavy, et cetera) : (the Positive Degree), (the Comparative Degree) (the Superlative Degree).

- : wide, difficult, pleasant.

( ) ( ).

:

1. , , - : big - big ger - the big gest, hot - hot ter - the hot test.

: sweet - sweet er - the sweet est, cool - cool er - the cool est.

2. , " y " c , y i: eas y - eas ier - the eas iest, happ y - happ ier - the happ iest.

y , : gay - gay er - the gay est.

3. , , : larg e - larg er - the larg est, whit e - whit er - the whit est.

4. strong, young long : long - longer - the longest, strong - stronger - the strongest; young - younger - the youngest.

, - er, - re, [ r ]: clear - clearer - clearest, pure - purer - the purest.

:

1) ;

2) , -y, -er, -

le, -ow: happ y - happier - the happiest, clev er - cleverer - the cleverest; simpl e - simpler - the simplest, narr ow - narrower - the narrowest.

more (the) most .



<== | ==>
| s /100
:


: 2018-10-15; !; : 209 |


:

:

, ; , .
==> ...

1776 - | 1535 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.102 .