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, 1855 . (Alexander Wood) . ( [Ore] 1872 .), ( [Burkhardt] 1909 .) ( [Bredenfeld] 1916 .). 1903 . (Fischer) (von Mering). , , - (), 1927 . . , 1932 . - (Volwiler) (Tabern), (John Lundy) (Ralph Waters) 1934 . . . . (V. . Stoelting) 1957 . , . 1957 . , - (1959 .), (1971 .) (1976 .) , , . 1962 . (Stevens), 1965 . (Corssen) (Domino), 1970 . -, . 1964 . 1972 .; - . 1989 . ( ). (. . 8 46).

( ) (Harold Griffith) (Enid Jonson) 1942 . . . - , , . .

, , , . , (. . 9), . , , , , -. (Bovet) 1949 . 1951 .; . - , . , , , -. ; , .

1805 . - (Serturner) . , , . , 1939 . . (Lundy) ; , , ( ) . 1969 . (Lowen-stein) , . - - , , . , .

. (John Snow), , , , . . ( : , , - , - .) 1847 . (On the Inhalation of Ether). , . , . - (On Chloroform and Other Anaesthetics) 1858 .

- T. (Joseph T. Clover). - , . , , , ( ).

(Frederick Hewitt) XIX . , - . - , . , , . 1893 . . . (J. F. SiIk) - (the Society of Anaesthetists).

XIX . . , , -, , , . - , , () (Kleveland) . - - (Long Island Society of Anesthetists), 1911 . - (New York Society of Anesthetists), 1936 . . (American Society of Anesthetists), , 1945 ., (the American Society of Anesthesiologists ASA). : E. (Arthur E. Guedel), M. (Ralph M. Waters) . (John S. Lundy). , , , . - ( ). XIX . : - (William -Ewen) , ' (Joseph O'Dwyer) (Franz Kuhn) . 1920 . (Ivan Magill) - (Stanley Rowbotham). , .

.

. 1933 . . 1937 . (the American Board of Anesthesiology). B 1935 . , (Robert Macintosh) 1937 . . 1947 ., .

. -, , . , pi ( ). "" , , . " ", , , . , , . , , ( ) , .

(. . 1-1). , , , -, - (MPT), (KT), , . - , . (. . 21), (. . 50. -. . .), (. . 26), (. . 43), (. . 44) (. . 18). . , . .





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