, - , , , , , .
1. 0.
: Fe 0, O2 0, Cl2 0.
: 3 0
2. , , . , .
3. , , .
: 0, 8.
:
:
1) . , Au +7 F7, 8- Ni +8.
2) . , Na ⎺ , . , ( 10), [Na + C]Na ⎺.
4. +1. NaH, CaH2, 1.
5. , , 1.
6. 2.
: −2, K −2 .
: 22 −1, 2 −1; K2 −1/2; K3 −1/3.
7. , :
: 5 +5/11 11 −1, 2 +3 6 −1.
8. : , .
:
K2+1Cr2+O7−2 2(+1) + 2 + 7(2) = 0 2 + 214 = 0 2 = 12 = +6 | Al+3(N+O3−2)3 +3 + 3 + 9(2) = 0 3 + 3 18 = 0 3 = 15 = +5 | (S+O4−2)2− + 4(2) = 2 8 = 2 = +6 |
, , .
. , HCl +0,17 0,17, +1 1.
( ) .
|
|
: : 4, 3, , , 2, .
N2 0 .
, , , - .