Gall Bladder Pancreas and Liver

The pancreas is an elongated gland that is below the stomach. It produces pancreatic juice that contains digestive enzymes. The pancreas also secrets insulin into the blood. Insulin is needed to allow glucose or sugar from food to get into the bloodstream. People who cannot produce insulin are diabetics.

The largest gland in the body is the liver. It is on the right side of the body underneath the ribs. It weighs about three pounds and is eight inches long. The liver stores a form of glucose called glycogen. Vitamin A is manufactured in the liver. Bile which is needed to breakdown fat, is made in the liver. This organ is also where alcohol, drugs, bacteria and old blood cells are broken down and removed from the body. Damage to the liver can be serious because this organ is extremely necessary to life.

The gallbladder is a small sac on the underside of the right lobe of the liver. It stores bile that is made by the liver. Bile travels from the liver through the hepatic ducts to the gallbladder. It holds about two ounces of bile. Bile is needed to breakdown the fat that is in food.

Vocabulary

1. mandible – нижняячелюсть

2. to grind – молоть

3. root – корень

4. crown – корона

5. jaw – челюсть

6. narrow – узкий

7. gum – десна

8. gradually – постепенно

9. permanent teeth – постоянныезубы

10. saliva – слюна

11. to squirt – битьструей

12. starch – крахмал

13. to swallow – глотать

14. sac – мешок

15. acid – кислота

16. lining – внутренне покрытие

17. squeezing – сжатие

18. peristalsis –перистальтика

19. growling – рычание

20. villi – ворсинки

21. absorb – всасывать

22. feces – фекалии

23. colon – толстая кишка

24. elongated – удлиненный

25. to store – запасать

26. lobe – доля

27. bile – желчь

Questions

1. What is the structure of digestive system?

2. How many permanent teeth has an adult person?

3. What is the function of stomach, liver?

4. What is the largest gland of the body?

5. Whereisliversituated?

Crossword

Quiz Instruction: Use the words in the box to fill in the blanks.
stomach rectum waste system acid chewed liver saliva swallow absorbed food mouth large intestine tongue liquids energy small intestine digestion pharynx esophagus
All animals need to eat ______________ to get ____________ to live. But in order to use this food, they have to break it down in a process called __________________. And so, all animals have a group of connected organs called the digestive __________________. In humans, the process of digestion begins in the _____________ where food is ________________ into small pieces by the teeth. The _______________ helps by moving these pieces around. These pieces are covered by ________________, or spit. The saliva makes the food slippery so that it is easier to _______________. It also helps to break down the food. Once the food is swallowed, it passes through the _______________, which is like a gate that sends food into the ______________ and air into the lungs. The food travels down the esophagus and into the ______________. Once in the stomach the food is mixed with _____________ and crushed some more. After spending some time in the stomach, the food is sent into the ________________________ where nutrients are ______________. The _____________ helps by producing some digestive juices called bile. Next, the remaining food goes into the _________________________ where the _______________ are absorbed. The remaining food is called _________________ and it is pushed into the ________________ where it waits before leaving the body.