4
1. .
1.1. . V = 80 = 0,08 3. L´S´H = 12´6´6 . V= 432 3. V= 0,8 × 432 =345,63. F = 72 2.
1.2. = 58,08 ∙-1. : = 6,37551; = 1281,721; = 237,088. 36. () r = 790,8 ×-3. t = -18 0.
2. .
, , 1 1 2 . 2.01.01-82 [3] (. ) t = 32 0.
3. [1] "".
3.1. (.2) [1] tp = 32 0C ×-3.
3.2. "" = 40,95 (lgPH = 6,37551 - = 1,612306, = 40,95 ).
3.3. (.13) [1] W= 10-6 × × 40,95 = 3,1208 × 10-4 × -2. -1.
4. :
F = 1,0 ×V = 1,0×80 = 80 2.
F = 72 2 F = 80 2, F = F = 72 2.
5. m, , (.12) [1]:
m = 3,1208 × 10-4 × 72 ×3600 = 80,891 .
m = m= Va∙r = 0,08∙790,8 = 63,264 .
6. D (20) "" :
DP = 959,3 × = 75,7 .
8. 5 , , .
5
1. .
1.1. . "" ( 305-82) V = 6,3 3. L´S´H = 4,0´4,0´3,6 . V = 57,6 3. V = 0,8 × 57,6 = 46,08 3. F = 16 3. d1 = 57 = 0,057 (r1 = 0,0285 ), (), , L1 = 10 . q = 1,5 × -1 = 0,0015 3× -1.
|
|
1.2. "" = 172,3 ∙-1. - 12,343 12,889. t = 25 0 r = 804 ∙-3. : = 5,07828; = 1255,73; =199,523. t > 40 0. = = 4,359∙107 ∙-1 = 43,59 ∙-1. = 0,6% (.).
2. .
. 2.01.01-82 [3] (. ) t = 41 0. t=410 ∙-3. ..1.2 [1] = 300 , ..1.2 ) [1] = 3600.
3. V F ..1.2 [1]:
V = Va+ q × Ta+ p × r12 × L1=6,3+0,0015 × 300+3,14 × 0,02852 × 10=6,776 3=6776 ,
F = 1,0 × 6776 = 6776 2.
F = 16 2 F = 6776 2, F= F = 16 2.
4. t = 41 0:
lgPH = 5,07828 - ,
= 0,72 .
5. W :
W = 10-6 × 1,0 × × 0,72 = 9,45 × 10-6 × -2 × -1.
6. m, , :
m = 9,45 × 10-6×16∙3600 = 0,5443 .
7. Z [1].
7.1. :
= = 0,18% (.).
= 0,18% (.)<0,5× = 0,5 × 0,6 = 0,3% (.), , Z .
7.2. :
= 100 × = 0,71% (.).
7.3. (.3) [1], - , :
b = 12,343 + = 18,32,
= = 1,12% (.).
7.4. * :
* = 1,19 × 1,12 = 2,13% (.).
7.5. = 0,71% < * = 2,13% (.), :
= = 0,33.
7.6. .1 (..4) [1] = 0,33 Z=0.
8. D (.2.1) [1] :
|
|
D = (900-101) × = 0 .
9. 5 . . .5.2 .1 [1] 1-4.
10. ..2 [1] Q g:
G = V × r = 6,776 × 804 = 5448 ,
Q = G × = 5448 × 43,59 = 237478 ,
S = F = 16 2,
g = × -2.
11. 2200 × -2. ..1 [1] 1.
6
1.1. .
1.1. - . -99 . L´S´H = 32´10´8 . V = 2560 3. V = 0,8 × 2560 = 2048 3. F = 320 2. V = 0,5 3. e = 0,9. V= e × V = 0,9×0,5 = 0,45 3. () L1 = 10 d1 = 25 = 0,025 . L2= 10 d2= 40 =0,04 . q = 6,5∙10-5 3×-1. =300. 10 . , . F = 1,54 2. 10 . F. = 6,28 2.
1.2. -99 ( 8017-74) 46% (.) 2% (.) -. j1=95,83% (.) j2 = 4,17% (.) -. -99 r = 953 × -3. =106,17 × -1, - =147,3 × -1. 8 10, - 10,5 21,0. r=855 × -3, - r= 760 × -3. t=290 , - t=330 . =1,1% (.), - =0,7% (.). =Q =43154 × -1 =43,15 × -1, - = =43966 × -1=43,97 × -1. =6,17972; =1478,16; =220,535; - =7,13623; =2218,3; =273,15.
2. .
. - , (10 .). 2.01.01-82 [3] (. ) t = 370 . t=370:
×-3,
- ×-3.
..1.2 ) [1] =300, ..1.2 ) [1] =3600.
3. V, F F ..1.2 [1]:
|
|
V = Va+ q × Ta+ = 0,45+6,5 × 10-5× 300+0,785 × (0,0252 ×10 +
+ 0,042 × 10) = 0,487 3 =487 ,
Fp = 0,5 × 487 = 243,5 2,
F = F + F + F. = 243,5+1,54+6,28 = 251,3 2.
4. - t=37 0:
- :
lgPH = 6,17972 -
PH = 2,755 ,
- -:
lgPH = 7,13623 -
PH = 0,964 .
5. W :
- :
W = 10-6 × 1,0 × × 2,755 = 2,8387 × 10-5 × -2 × c-1,
- -:
W = 10-6 × 1,0 × × 0,964 = 1,1700 × 10-5 × -2 × c-1.
6. ..4.3 .1.1 [1] m , :
m = 2,8387× 10-5 × 251,3 × 3600 = 25,6812 .
7. Z [1], -, .
7.1. :
= = 0,30% (.).
= 0,30%(.) < 0,5 × = 0,5 × 0,7 = 0,35% (.), , Z .
7.2. :
= 100 × = 2,73% (.).
7.3. 0 :
0 = 2,73 × = 1,105% (.).
7.4. , , Z :
= 1,1958 × 32 × = 31,55 ,
= 1,1958 ×10 × = 9,86 ,
Z = 0,04714 × 8 × = 0,31 .
7.5. Z (.2) [1] :
.
8. (.3) [1] :
- :
= = 1,93% (.),
- -:
= = 1,29% (.).
9. D (.1) [1] :
DP = (900 - 101) × .
10. 5 , , - .
11. D - , ..2.3 [1]. =6 -1.
11.1. , , =6 -1 =1,6667 × 10-3 -1, .3.4 "" :
U = A × L = 1,6667 × 10-3 × 32 = 0,05 × -1.
11.2. W ( ) U = 0,05 × -1 ( h= 1,6 . .2 [1]) :
W = 10-6 × 1,6 × × 2,755 = 4,5420 × 10-5 × -2 × -1.
11.3. ( ) m :
m = 4,5420 × 10-5 × 251,3 × 3600 = 41,0906 .
11.4. m , ..2.3 [1], :
|
|
.
11.5. :
= (.).
= 0,07%(.) < 0,5 × = 0,5 × 0,7 = 0,35% (.), , Z .
11.6. 0 :
= 0,502% (.).
11.7. , , Z :
= 1,1958 × 32 × = 0 ,
= 1,1958 ×10 × = 0 ,
Z = 0,3536 × 8 × = 0 .
, , Z [1] 0, . , .1 [1], Z Z=0. (.2.1) [1] Z=0 DP=0 .
11.8. 5 , , - , ..2.3 [1], = 6 -1 . .5.2 .1 [1] 1-4.
11.9. ..2 [1] Q g:
G= 2 × Va × r = 2 × 0,45 × 855 = 769,5 ,
Q = G × = 769,5 × 43,97 = 33835 ,
S = 2 × F = 1,54 × 2 = 3,08 2 ( ..2 [1] S=102),
g = × -2.
11.10. 2200 × -2. - , . .2.3 [1], =6 -1 ..1 [1] 1.