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FAQ

123 ⇒



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2017

 
 


5 :

1.

2.

3.

4. ( )

5.

 

:

1. , , , . (play ‑ , go , , eat , , do , have ‑ )

 

4 :

 

V1 V2 V3 Ving

 

(, ) go went gone going

() play played played playing

() eat ate eaten eating

() do did done doing

() sit sat sat sitting

() bake baked baked baking

() study studied studied studying

 

( , , , : , , , , , , , , , , , , )

 

. (Regular Verbs) , 2- 3- -ed: help help ed, help ed; open open ed, open ed; (Irregular Verbs) , : go went, gone; bring, brought, brought; cut cut, cut

, .

He enjoyed watching other people going skiing but he couldnt even dream of doing it himself because he hadnt have his own skis bought. , , , , .

:


 

; . He studies at the University.- : ~ (1, 2 , 3 ); ~ (., .); ~ (, , ); ~ (, , ); ~ (, ); ~ ( .; , , , - ..) , ; , , ..   Studying at the university isnt easy. .   : ~ - to V1 (to study - ): ; ~ : I. - Ving (studying , ): ; II. - V3 (studied , : ~ - Ving (studying , ): ; , ,

 

, :

 

V1
() ;

I go home. .

We play football. .

V1 s, ( go-go es, open open s, start-start s, dress - dress es). , .., , , , 3- .. (He, She, It). s ? (- , , ), .

My brother often play s football. .

He help s me. .

V1 , , . V1 do (does, did) will.

I dont go home.- .

He doesnt help me.- .

Did we go home? ?

Will she help me? ?

He would go home. .

to, , ?: to sing I want to sing. .

to read He asked me to read. .

, to ( ):

~ : may ; might , ;can , ; could , , ; should , ; must , :

He may go home. .

We might come later. .

I can drive a car. .

She could talk when she was two. , .

You should visit a doctor. .

Drivers must follow the rules. .

~ make ‑ ; let ‑ ; help :

 

My sister makes me study. .

Our mum lets us go to the disco. .

He always helps me carry heavy bags. .

V2
, , , , . He went home ten minutes ago. - . She helped me yesterday. .

V3
; V3 , , (gone , eaten , played - ), , .

Ving
. Ving , , (reading , ,) (reading - ), , .


5 , (would, do, be, have, will) . , , ; not:

I dont study. .

I didnt study. .

I wont study. .

( ) 4 :

to do ;

to be ;

to have ;

to will ,

, , , .

4 , ( ):

 

  V1 V2 V3 Ving
do do / does did done doing
be am / is / are was / were been being
have have / has had had having
will will willed willed willing

 

, :

¨ will (! shall 20 , )

¨ (do / does, am / is / are, have / has), ;

 

¨ (did, was/were, had) .

 

, , , :

Do you speak English? Yes, I do. -? , .

Will Ben go to Greece? No, he wont. ? , .

Are the kids sleeping? Yes, they are. ? , .

(do, be, have, will) (V1, V2, V3, Ving) , : , , , , , , , , , , , .

 

would ( ). :

I would like to have a cup of coffee. .

He would go home but he cant. - , .

3. , , . ( may, can, must, should ) , , ( have to, be to, be able to, be allowed to ). :

1. :

He can drive a lorry. .

He may drive a lorry. .

He has to drive a lorry. .

He shouldnt drive a lorry. .

(: He doesnt drive a car. .)

2. / ( ):

It may be Tom. , . ( )

It can be Tom. . ( )

It should be Tom. , . ( )

It must be Tom. . ( )

/ :


 

Uncertain might That might be George
may
  could  
  can  
  should  
  ought to  
Certain must/cant That must be George

:

,
Present Past Future
can     , , ( , , , ) can V1 can be V3 (, , , ) could V1 could be V3 (, , , , , ) ( , ) will be able to V1 or be V3 (, , )
He can swim. . The book can be written. . He could swim. .   The book could be written. . He will be able to swim. . The bookwill be able to be written. .
may     , may V1 may be V3 () might V1 might be V3 ( , ) ( , ) will be allowed to V1 or to be V3 ( , )
He may swim. . The bookmay be written. ,, . He might swim. . The book might be written. . He will be allowed to swim. . The bookwill be allowed to be written. .
must , ( ) must V1 must be V3 (, ) ( , ) had to V1 had to be V3 (-) didnt have to V1 or to be V3 ( , ) ( , ) will have to V1 or to be V3 ( , )
He must swim. .( ) The book must be written. . He didnt have to swim. . The bookdidnt have to be written. . He will have to swim. . The bookwont have to be written. .
to have to - have/has to V1 dont/doesnt have to V1 have/has to be V3 (, ) ------------------ -------------
Ihave to go. . The bookhas to be written. .
should , () should V1 should be V3 (, ) should have V3 should have been V3 ( , ) --------------------
Youshould visit a doctor. . The bookshould be written. . You should have visiteda doctor. . The bookshould have been written. .
ought to , ( ) ought to V1 ought to have been V3 (, ) ought to have V3 ought to have been V3 ( , ) ---------------
You ought to visit your parents more often. . The bookought to b e written. . You ought to have visited your parents more often. . The bookought to have been written. .
to be to ( , , , ) am/is/are to V1 am/is/are to be V3 (, ) was/were to V1 was/were to be V3 ( , ) -------------
I am to go. . ( ) The bookis to be written. ( ) He was to goat 3. . ( ) The bookwas to be written. ( )
neednt ( ) neednt V1 neednt be V3 ( ) ------------------ --------------
You neednt go there. . The bookneednt be published. .
ShallI/we? (/ ()?) ----------------- ----------------- ShallI V1? Shallwe V1?
Shall Idoit? ? Shall we open the window? ? (?)

 

, not / (nt), , :

+ - ?
I can do. I cannot/cant do. Can I do? Yes, you can.
You could do. You could not/ couldnt do. Could you do? No, I couldnt.
He may do. He may not/- do. May he do? Yes, he may.
She might do. She might not/mightnt do. Might she do? No, she mightnt.
We must do. We must not/mustnt do. Must we do? Yes, we must.
You should do. You should not/shouldnt do. Should you do? No, we shouldnt
They ought to do. They ought not to/oughtnt to do. Ought they to do? Yes, they ought to.

:

 

I have to go. I dont have to go. Do I have to go? No, you dont.

You had to go. You didnt have to go. Did you have to go? Yes, I did.

4. / -

, , , . to be :

He is a student. .

He was strong and brave. .

He will be at home. .

, .

: I am hungry - . ()

I got hungry - . ( )

, , .

: She is nice. . ( ?)

She looks nice. . ( ?)

She dances nicely. . ( ?)

: be , , get , , look - , feel , sound - , taste , smell

, , , :

He is good (: He is well. - .)

The weather got bad. ( ). (: He got home bably. - .)

He looks good. . (: He always looks at her well. .)

He feels good. .

It sounds good! !

The cake tastes good . (: He tested the cake. .)

The cake smells good. . (My dog is smelling the cats spoor. .)

, Continuous, .

 

5. , , .

: She looks nice. . (-)

She usually looks at him with love. ( )

She looks after sick people. . ( )

She often looks for her glasses. . ( )

She looks forward to his letter. . ( )

, .

, :

1. ( Mood) / .

:

~ : I live here. - .

(V1 V2 V3 Ving) (do, did, be, am, is, are, was, were, have, has, had, will):

I didnt go there. .

I am going there. .

I will go there. .

I have already gone there. .

~ , . , would (V1): I would live there. .

~ , , . : - , (V1), - dont (V1): Sit down, please! (), ! Dont sit down! ( )!

2. (Voice) , , - .

: I bought a book. - . ( () , - Active Voice)

The book was bough t by me. - . ( ( ) , , - Passive Voice)

be (am, is, are, was, were, will be) (V3)

3. (Tense) . , :

() Present

() Past

( ) Future

- , (V1 , V2 - ): I help him. . I helped him. .

, , , :

Present do, does, am, is, are, have, has ( + + V1, V3 Ving )

Past did, was, were, had ( + + V1, V3 Ving )

Future ‑ will (+ + V1, V3 Ving )

4. (Aspect) .

( ): . .

4 , :

~SIMPLE (INDEFINITE) , , ;

~CONTINUOUS (PROGRESSIVE) ,

~PERFECT ,

~PERFECT CONTINUOUS (PERFECT PROGRESSIVE) - ,

, , , .

: My brother will give this book. (will give , , , Simple) .

My brother would give this book. (would give , , , , Simple) .

My brother will have been given this book by tomorrow. (will have been given - , , , Perfect) .

.


 

1. -

1. , :

: .
a) take ) are taking ) have been taking : a)
1. .
) am studying ) have been studying ) study
2. .
a) left ) have left ) had left
3. , .
a) worked ) had worked ) was working
4. .
a) took ) was taking ) had taken
5. .
a) wrote )was writing ) have written
6. .
) will take ) will be taking ) will have taken
7. 1 .
) will write ) will have written ) will be writing
8. .
a) write ) am writing ) have been writing
9. ,
a) have studied ) had been studying ) had studied

2. He , :

learn 1. .
read, translate, answer 2. , .
revise 3. . .
write 4. .
write, finish 5. . , . .
write 6. .

3. , ,

It is 10 o'clock. It. (to be) very quiet in the University. The lessons (to begin). The students (to work) in their classrooms. They (to work) since 9 o'clock. The bell (to go) in half an hour.

4.

1. ? (to study) 2. ? (How long; to study)

3. - ? (to study; anywhere else) 4. ? (to leave)

2. -

1. ,

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1.


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