.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


NUMA

18

SMP-, MPP- NUMA

1. SMP-.

2. MPP-.

3. NUMA.

 

SMP-

 

SMP (symmetric multiprocessing) . SMP , .


1 - SMP-

 

, , , . SMP- . . SMP- (SGI PowerPath, Sun Gigaplane, DEC TurboLaser), : (), / (I/O) . . I/O (PCI, VME64). SMP- SMP-c Intel (IBM, HP, Compaq, Dell, ALR, Unisys, DG, Fujitsu .) ( UNIX-, Intel- Windows NT). ( ) , .

 

 

SMP-:

) . SMP , : , . , . , . SMP- ;

) . , SMP- , , ;

) .

SMP-:

) . SMP- - . , , . . , . 8-24 . , ( ) () . . 32 .

SMP NUMA-. SMP- (shared memory paradigm).

 

MPP-

 

MPP (massive parallel processing) - . , . , , (), () , / /. , (. .2). () . . , , . () MPP-. () (front-end), , . UNIX- , .


2 -

 

MPP -:

) : SMP-, , . , (ASCI Red, ASCI Blue Pacific).

MPP -:

) , , . ;

) ;

) , . - .

-1000, IBM RS/6000 SP, SGI/CRAY T3E, ASCI, Hitachi SR8000, Parsytec.

CRAY T3E SGI, Dec Alpha 21164 1200 / (CRAY T3E-1200), 2048 .

MPP- Massive Passing Programming Paradigm (MPI, PVM, BSPlib).

NUMA

 

NUMA (nonuniform memory access) . .

. , : , , . (), . . , , .. . , . , NUMA MPP (-) , SMP (c ) . SMP- , SMP- , .

(.3): SMP-. "" (Butterfly):


3 -

 

C. , Exemplar. , SMP-. HP SPP. . (S.R.Cray) , cc-NUMA (Cache Coherent Non-Uniform Memory Access), " ". Origin.

, . , - , , , , . , , - .

:

) (snoopy bus protocol), , ;

) , .

cc-NUMA : HP 9000 V-class SCA-, SGI Origin3000, Sun HPC 15000, IBM/Sequent NUMA-Q 2000. cc-NUMA- 1000 ( Origin3000). , SMP. "" , "" . NUMA-, , SMP, (shared memory paradigm).

 

:

1. SMP?

2. SMP-?

3. MPP?

4. MPP -?

5. NUMA?

6. ?

 

 

:

1. /.. , .. , .. , .. / .: . - , 2004. 176 .

 



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