Isaak Newton
1. Isaak Newton was born in 1642 in the family of a poor farmer. The boy began his first scientific experiments at school.
2. While studying at Cambridge University, Newton formulated the binomial theorem. In 1662 Cambridge was closed because of the plague and Newton returned to his native village. For the next two years he devoted himself to scientific experimentatioin.
3. Newton 
s great discovery was the law of decomposition of light. The scientist proved that the white light of the sun is composed of rays of light of all colors of the rainbow. He also discovered the Law of Universal Gravitation, which states that that every particle of matter is attracted by every other particle of matter with a force inversely proportioinal to the square of their distance apart.
4. Newton applied the principle of gravitation to prove that the power, which guides the moon around the earth and the planets around the sun is the force of gravity. Another application of the law of universal gravitation was Newtons exploration of the tides.
5. Newton was highly honored by his countrymen and in 1703 he was elected President of the Royal Society. Sir Isaak Newton died in 1727 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
1.1 Newton s great discovery was the law of decomposition of light. The scientist proved that the white light of the sun is composed of rays of light of all colors of the rainbow. He also discovered the Law of Universal Gravitation, which states that that every particle of matter is attracted by every other particle of matter with a force inversely proportioinal to the square of their distance apart.
1.2 Every particle of matter is attracted by every other particle of matter with a force inversely proportioinal to the square of their distance apart.
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3. . , . , , , . 4. , , , , , . . 3. . 1. Newton performed many experiments with light.2. When Cambridge was closed in 1662, Newton ritturned to his native village.3. Mass is measured in grams or kilograms. 4. , : 1. My parents want me to become a chemist. , .2. He is believed to be a very talented person. , .3. Newton is considered to be one of the greatest English scientists., . 5. : 1. To carry out this experiment will take you a lot of time. .2. The experiment to be carried out in our laboratory is very important., , . 3. He forgot to register the results of the experiment. . 6. Past Indefinite Tense, can, may, must, . 1. He had to work hard to finish his experiment.2. I could devote myself to scientific work.3. You might repeat your experiment. 7. some, any, no: 1. The Metric System has some advantages over the English System.2. Do you remember any facts from Newtons biography?3. The young engineer had no experience in such work. 8. a) . The two most common types of engines are the petrol engine and the diesel engine. Petrol engines are lighter and smaller than diesel engines. That makes them cheaper and that is why most cars and motorbikes use petrol engines. On the other hand, diesel engines use less fuel and last longer than petrol engines. They are also safer and less dangerous. They are widely used in large vehicles such as trucks and trains. - . , . , . , , . . , . b) : 1. The engine is cooled by water from the radiator. .2. Most cars use petrol engines. .3. The electricity is stored in the battery. . c) , : 1. Rudolf Diesel is known to the inventor of the diesel engine., .2. We expect them to by a new car. , .3. This motorcar is considered to be safe., . d) : 1. Are Petrol engines lighter and smaller?2. Does it make them cheaper?3. Do most cars and motorbikes use petrol engines? 1. Why do diesel engines use less fuel?2. What is safer and less dangerous?3. What is widely used? e) : most (. .) lighter and smaller (. .) cheaper (. .) less fuel (. .) longer (. .) safer (. .) less dangerous (. .)
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