(). ?
() - , ᶤᶤ , , , ᶤᶤ .
ᶤ
:
ᶤ (desktop), ᶤ , ᶤ (, , ᶤ ) ᶤ;
ᶤᶤᶤ (distributed) , ᶤ ᶤ .
ᶤᶤᶤ , ᶤᶤ, :
-ᶤᶤᶤ ( ᶤ -ᶤᶤ);
ᶤ-ᶤᶤᶤ ( ᶤ ᶤ-ᶤᶤ).
-ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤᶤ, ᶤ .
ᶤ-ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤᶤ, ᶤ .
ᶤᶤ, ᶤ-ᶤᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤ.
ᶤ (. two-tier) ᶤ ᶤᶤ: ᶤᶤ , (back-end), ᶤ , ᶤᶤ ᶤ (front-end). ᶤ ᶤ .
(. multi-tier) ᶤ ᶤ: ᶤᶤ ᶤ (application servers). ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ , . ᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤᶤ ᶤ-ᶤ, ᶤ . ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ, ᶤ ᶤ-ᶤᶤ, ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤ-ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤᶤᶤ.
ᶤᶤ
ᶤᶤ ᶤ :
ᶤ: ᶤ , ᶤ ( ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤ );
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ᶤ: ᶤ , , ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤ .
ᶤ ѻ (ᶤ ) ᶤ , ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ - . ᶤ , .
ᶤ
ᶤ ᶤ :
-ᶤ, -ᶤ , ᶤ , ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ;
, ᶤᶤ , ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ . ᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤ.
ᶤ ᶤ
ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤ , ᶤᶤ (ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤ) ᶤᶤ . ᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤ , ᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤ, ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤ :
ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ, ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ.
ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ, ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤ-ᶤ ᶤᶤ.
ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤ, ᶤᶤ , ᶤᶤ, , , ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤ- (ᶤ ).
()
ᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤ.
ᶤ ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤᶤ.
ᶤᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ, , ᶤ . ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ ᶤ.