y = f (x) x 0, ( ).
Δ y = f (x 0 + Δ x) − f (x 0) Δ x, Δ x → 0, y = f (x) x 0 f '(x 0), ..
f '(x 0) =
=
. |
f '(x) y = f (x) :
y '(x), y ' x,
,
. |
.
(xα) ' = α xα − 1 | |||||
(ax) ' = ax ln a | (log ax) ' =
| ||||
(ex) ' = ex | (ln x)' =
| ||||
(sin x)' = cos x | (arcsin x)' =
| ||||
(cos x)' = − sin x | (arccos x) ' = −
| ||||
(tg x)' =
| (arctg x)' =
| ||||
(ctg x)' = −
| (arcctg x)' = −
| ||||
(sh x)' = ch x | (Arsh x)' =
| ||||
(ch x)' = sh x | (Arch x) ' =
| ||||
(th x)' =
| (Arth x)' =
| ||||
(cth x)' = −
| (Arcth x)' =
|
.. .. : . . .: , 2000. . 9294 105.
,
1. u = u (x) v = v (x) 0. , , v (x 0) ≠ 0, , :
(u v) ' = u ' v ', (u v) ' = u ' v + u v ',
' =
. |
.. .. : . . .: , 2000. . 90.
.
1. , :
(C v) ' = C v '; |
2. ,
(C 1 u 1 + C 2 u 2 + + Cn un) ' = C 1 u 1 ' + C 2 u 2 ' + + Cn un ', |
|
|
C 1, C 2, , Cn .
, .
2. f (x) 0, .
.. .. : . . .: , 2000. . 88.
3. y = f (x) x 0 f '(x 0) , (x 0, f (x 0)
tg α = f '(x 0) (− π /2 < α < π /2). |
.. .. : . . .: , 2000. . 85.
f '(x 0) f (x) M 0(x 0, f (x 0)) (. 1).
y = f (x) (x 0, f (x 0)) , (x 0, f (x 0)), k = f '(x 0)
y − f (x 0) = f '(x 0) (x − x 0). |
y = f (x) (x 0, f (x 0))
y − f (x 0) = −
(x − x 0). |
f '(x 0) = 0, x = x 0.
. x 0 f '(x 0) = ∞, M 0(x 0, f (x 0)) x = x 0 (. 2). y = f (x 0).