VOCABULARY EXERCISES
Ex. 1. Match the words and their definitions:
a) landscape 1) is a picture on a wall or ceiling where a plaster is still wet or damp.
b) seascape 2) is a painting of such unanimated subjects as fruit, flowers and other decorative things.
c) portrait 3) is a painting which represents scenes from every day life in a more or less realistic way.
d) still life 4) is a picture representing a tract of country with the various objects it contains.
e) fresco 5) is painting or other artistic representation of the sea.
f) genre painting 6) is a person who is having his portrait painted.
g) sitter, subject, model 7) is a painting, picture or representation of the person, especially of a face generally drawn from life.
Ex. 2. Put the words in order to make recommending expressions.
1. youre / OK / its / sort / if / into / thing / that / of
2. a / must / its
3. recommend / really / I / it
4. you / give / if / were / miss / a / Id / it / I
5. visit / well / its / a / worth
6. entrance / not / its / the / fee / worth
7. Its / my / tea / cup / of / really / not
Ex. 3. Use the words from the box to complete the sentences below.
| portrait landscape still life abstract detailed traditional original colourful |
1. I think his work is very individual, very . Ive never seen anything else like it.
2. Ive just been to a(n) .. exhibition its something Ive tried to do myself, but my apples always look like peaches!
3. Weve got a(n) . of my great grand-father at home. He was a general in the army.
4. Renaissance paintings were always very . You could see all the stiches on the clothes.
5. His most famous was a picture of the scenery around his home in Provence.
6. I dont actually like modern art. I much prefer more .. things.
7. I dont like paintings that are all greys and browns. I like really . things. You know, lots of bright greens and reds and yellows.
8. I dont understandd her work at all. Its just too ..for me.
Ex. 4. MUSEUM. Interpret the following phrases.
1. What about going to the Museum of Oriental Culture (of Fine Arts, the State Hermitage, the Tretyakov Gallery, the Tolstoy House)?
2. The museum deals with the history of Russia.
3. The treasures here are valued at millions and millions of roubles.
4. We were at the exhibition of antiques.
5. When you look at the antiques gathered there you forget that you live in the twent-first century.
6. Much restoration work is being carried out.
7. .
8. .
9. .
10. .
11. , .
12. There were robes covered with gold embroidery and starred with gems.
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13. The antique desk was black with age.
14. These coins come down to us from the time of Peter I.
15. These breast plates once belonged to the N. tribe.
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Ex. 5. Look up and memorize the pronunciation of the names of the following famous artists
Blake, William
Constable, John
Gainsborough, Thomas
Gauguin, Paul
Goya, Francisco Jose de
Hogarth, William
Holbein, Hans
Hopper, John
Leonardo da Vinci
Manet, Edouard
Michelangelo Buonarotti
Monet, Claude
Raeburn, Henry
Raphael
Rembrandt
Renoir, August
Reynolds, Joshua
Riley, Bridget
Romney, George
Rubens
Turner, Joseph
Van Dyck
Van Gogh
READING
Learn to describe the pictures.
"OPHELIA" BY J. E. MILLAIS
"Ophelia" was painted in 1852. Millais found the stream that provided the setting for his painting near Ewell. Millais' painting is full of Shakespearean allusion: the rose in the dead Ophelia's hand is a reference to brother Laertes's description of her as "the Rose of May" and the robin in the undergrowth is a reminder of Ophelia's song. "For bonny sweet robin is all my joy." A true Pre-Raphaelite, Millais spent a great deal of time on the exact reproduction of the stream and the overhanging streams. Despite his care after it was exhibited the painting's colour deteriorated and Millais.was obliged to retouch it. The model was Elizabeth Siddal. Millais made her pose fully dressed in a bathtub, as a result of which she, not surprisingly, caught cold.
"THE MORNING WALK" BY TH. GAINSBOROUGH
Gainsborough is famous for his brilliant sense of composition, harmony and form.: In the foreground of the picture you see a pretty slim young woman of about 25 and an elegant young man. The woman has a very fashionable long dress on, her face is attractive. She has dreamy blue eyes and thick curly golden hair. As for the man, he is tall and handsome, the features of his face are pleasant and expressive. His eyes are dark, his look is proud, his mouth is rather large, his nose is straight, and he has; classical strong figure. I am sure that the young people are happy because they are young, they are in love, because the day is fine, and life is beautiful. It is an idyllic scene in a romantic landscape. Thanks to the soft colour treatment the picture has a lyrical and poetic atmosphere.
TEXT 2.
Read and translate into Russian
David Hockney
One of the members of the 60s pop art movement has gone on to become Britain's favourite modern painter. At the time, David Hockney (born 1937) fitted perfectly into that new, fashionable London scene.
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He was young, well-dressed and gay, but came from a working-class background in Bradford in the north of England; so for rich Londoners he was a breath of fresh air. But, having followed a fashionable style at the beginning of his career, he has developed a very personal way of painting which puts him outside any modern art movement.
While younger artists have been playing around with all sorts of theories, political statements and attempts to shock the public, Hockney has just continued to produce lovely paintings with fabulous design sense and colours.
Like all great artists, Hockney had been through a number of periods in which he changed his style and experimented. For example, in the
1980s he did clever montages using photographs. He would take a lot of pictures of details of a person, an object or a scene. Then he reassembled all the photos in a free and inventive way, so that you can see the scene broken up - almost as in cubism.
But generally his work has been painting, often mixing graphic design with realism, and always with a supremely modern sense of colour. This is what has made him so popular with the public. His work can be seen everywhere: on posters, postcards, calendars and T-shirts as well as in art books, museums and galleries.
The latest in British art
For some years now, young British artists seem to have given up the traditional forms of drawing, painting and sculpture. If you go to an art college exhibition, you will probably see photos, videos, constructions with lights and sounds, live people performing, found objects and philosophical statements. Media attention is always on the new, the daring and the shocking, and art prizes often reward originality rather than old-fashioned taste and skill.
One of the current celebrities is Mona Hatoum, who made a video with tiny medical cameras inside her own body. Tracy Emin became quite famous for making a small gallery entirely devoted to things about herself: pictures of her, bits of her hair and objects of importance to her.
But unquestionably the biggest name is Damien Hirst, who won the important Turner Prize in 1995. He is a joker who actually makes fun of those who pay high prices for his work. His best-known piece was a 4.5-metre shark in a tank of formaldehyde.
Pickled sheep and bullet holes
Dead sheep, sharks and cows immersed in formaldehyde? A bullet would on a human head?
Such art drives animal rights activists nuts and is a guaranteed turn-off for a lot of other people, but it has succeeded in drawing attention to young British sculptors and painters. Attention is exactly what Damien Hirst, 29, ringleader of this new group of British artists, wants. He has developed his own method of selling his art, in the tradition of Andy Warhol. In 1988, he and some fellow student artists put together their own show, bypassing the established galleries.
One especially provocative piece by Hirst was a 14 foot shark preserved in a tank of bluish formaldehyde entitled The Physical Impossibility of Death in the Mind of Someone Living. Hirst followed up with more pieces featuring dead animals including a cow and a calf, sawn in half. Its title: Mother and Child Divided.
Now Hirst and friends are coming to the U. S. The Walker Art Center in Minneapolis will stage a major exhibit in October Brilliant: New Art from London
If you want to go and see Hirsts pickled sheep, its currently on exhibit at the Chicago Museum of Contemporary Art. The piece was recently vandalized by enraged animal rights activists, but it has since been restored.
RENDERING
Usually when I go to a museum its never to see the pictures in general, but some particular canvases. Its different, however, when it is your lifes chance and there are so many things to see and only two or three days to jam them into. So, when I was I Moscow for the first time, I wandered through all the halls of the Gallery. Unguided, all by myself. Not that I dont need guidance. My education in art is none too profound and I am very glad you could spare some time and come here with me. Incidentally, why is the Gallery called the Tretyakov Gallery? Is that the name of the patron who founded it?
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If you dont mind, Id like to see several historical paintings first. One is Ivan the Terrible Kills his Son by Repin, the others are by Surikov. I know the name of one The Execution of the Streltsi, but I dont know the name of the other thats a picture portraying a woman dissenter. And, of course, I am interested in the art of the latest period.
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Incidentally, the two painters I mentioned belonged to the Itinerants, didnt they? I happen to know the name, though I am not sure of the idea behind it. That was the name of a Society of Travelling Art Exhibitions, wasnt it?
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'It would appear that among the genre of easel painting the so-called 'genre bas' prevailed in their paintings. They all seem to have devoted themselves to depicting national subjects and they did that with great dramatic force and real empathy. All their pictures are invested with dramatic narration.
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The picture has such tremendous dramatic force and characterization as to be almost disturbing. I wasnt much surprised when I heard it had been stabbed by a maniac some time or other. Its very skillfully restored, however. The scar isnt seen at all.
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I know the historical background of this picture. I majored in Russian history. The events date back to 1698 when Princess Sofya was shorn a nun. This knowledge adds to the attraction of the picture to me as a historian. But, of course, it is a fine picture on its own merits. Even for a layman its composition is very skillfully balanced and it has powerful vitality. Look at this red-beared strelets that glaring challenge in his eyes.
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'The scene seems so crowded, but looking closer, the artist achieved this effect without actually overcrowding the picture with figures. And you are right, of course, that the treatment of the strelrsi suggests anything but submission.
(in front of the picture Boyarina Morozova)
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The colouring of the picture is amazing. The artist uses the entire gamut of the pallet from the white to the black. His blues, yellows and blacks are of very high saturation, and yet that does not turn the picture into a merely decorative canvas.
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What is most amazing is that the image of the boyarina, forceful as it is, dominates the canvas without obliterating the crowd. The painter created a gallery of types of characters, one more striking than the other. A most gripping picture, really.
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Oh yes, you don't forget such a face in a hurry. And how well did the artist capture the expression of this proud face and the drama of the moment!
