.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


void prov (int a, double b)

C++ , . main. .

:

1.

# include < >

2. :

 

Void main()

{ }

 

main

-

-

-

-

3. .

 

, , . , , , , .. #. . :

 

1) #include

#include . :

 

#include " "

#include < >

 

, . , , . , . #include , , .

 

2) #define

#define , , . , , . , , , .

#define

 

#define

 

. . , . .

:

#define WIDTH 80

#define LENGTH (WIDTH+10)

 

WIDTH 80, LENGTH (80+10) .

 

3) #undef

#undef #define.

 

#undef

 

#define . #undef , #define.

 

:

#undef WIDTH

#undef MAX

3.2. / C++

3.2.1. / C++

/ C++ C++, iostream.h.

<< >>.

istream C++ - cin, , . :

 

Int a;

Float b;

cin >> a >> b;

 

a b , cin.

(, , ), cin :

 

Enter

Enter 5.78 Enter

 

Enter. , , , , .

 

ostream - cout, , .

:

 

cout << a << b;

 

a b , . .

endl:

 

cout << a <<" "<< b << endl;

 

a b , , , : 34 5.78.

cin getline(Str,Count), Str (Count−1):

 

char str1[128];

Cin.getline(str1,9);

cout << str1 << endl;

 

abcdefghj, str1 8 , abcdefgh.

 

3.2.2. /

scanf() - . (). , , , .

scanf() stdio.h:

 

scanf('' , );

 

.

: , . %.

! scanf(), , . , &().

 

:

scanf("%d",&x);

scanf("%s", &str);

scanf("%d%*c%d",&i,&j);

 

scanf() ( %s), !! .. " !" scanf().

. . .

, . * % ( ) , .

, . : scanf("%5s",str);

 

 

printf() . , , . . % .

, % ( ). : %.n< >. n - , < > - .

, x=10.3563 float 3- , :

printf(" x = %.3f",x);

 

, l h.

 

. , .

 

, :

 

printf("%5d",20);

 

:

 

, 20 . , 0.

 

:

 

printf("%05d",20);

 

:

 

(. 1)

 

if

if :

If () 1;

[else 2;]

, . , , . else .

( , 0), , if; , else. , if, else, .

. (,)

 

2+2<=1 (<=0 <=0 +>=-2)

 

#include <windows.h>

#include <stdio.h>

Int main(void)

{

Float x,y;

printf(" a: ");

scanf("%f%f", &x,&y);

if(x*x+y*y<=1 || x<=0 && y<=0 && x+y>=-2) printf("");

else printf(" ");

Sleep(20000);

}

!

(==) (=), ,

if(a=-l)b=0;

, , / . b .

. , 0<<1. , 0<, (true false, int) 1. : if(0<x && <1)

 

if. if if, if else., if : else if. :

 

If (x)

if (y) printf(1);

else printf(2);

 

if else?

: else if ( ), else. else if(y). , else if(x), , :

 

if (x) {

if (y) printf(1);

}

else printf(2);

 

if-else-if. if-else-if. :

 

If()

;

Else if()

;

Else if()

;

.

.

.

[else

;]

 

. , , , . , , else. else , , , , , else. else , .

 

#include <stdio.h>

/* 4 */

Int main(void)

{

int magic = 123; /* */

Int guess;

printf( : );

scanf(%d, &guess);

if(guess == magic) {

printf();

printf(%d ,magic);

}

else if(guess > magic) {

printf(. );

else printf(. );

Return 0;

}

 

 

switch

switch . :

 

Switch ()

{ []

:

[ case -1]: [ -1]

[ case -2]: [ -2]

:

:

[ default: [ ]]

}

 

, switch , , , . .

. switch , case -.

, . .

switch . , case, , , default.

, . switch .

, switch , case, .

 

switch :

- ;

- , case;

- , , case;

- , , default, switch .

 

switch: default switch. case default switch , switch. , , , - switch. , case, . break.

 

:

int i=2;

Switch (i)

{

case 1: i += 2;

case 2: i *= 3;

case 0: i /= 2;

case 4: i -= 5;

default:;

}

 

switch , case 2. , i , 6, , case 0, case 4, i 3, -2. , default, .

 

, if, switch.

char ZNAC;

int x,y,z;

switch (ZNAC)

{

case '+': x = y + z; break;

case '-': x = y - z; break;

case '*': x = y * z; break;

case '/': x = u / z; break;

default:;

}

 

break switch, , switch.

 

, switch switch, case .

 

:

:

switch (a)

{

case 1: b=c; break;

case 2:

switch (d)

{ case 0: f=s; break;

case 1: f=9; break;

case 2: f-=9; break;

}

case 3: b-=c; break;

:

}

 

for

for - . :

 

for ( 1; 2; 3) [< >];

 

1 , . 2 - , , . 3 , .

 

for:

 

1. 1.

2. 2.

3. 2 (), , 3 2, 2 (), , for.

 

, . , , .

 

:

Int main()

{ int i,b;

for (i=1; i<10; i++) b=i*i; return 0; }

 

1 9.

 

for , .

 

:

Int main()

{ int top, bot;

char string[100], temp;

for (top=0, bot=100; top < bot; top++, bot--)

{ temp=string[top];

string[bot]=temp;

}

}

 

, , top bot. , 1 3 , , .

 

for . , break.

 

:

For (;;)

{...

Break;

...

}

 

, for . .

 

:

 

for (i=0; t[i]<10; i++);

 

i t, 10.

 

while

while :

 

while () < >;

 

, , . while :

 

1. .

2. , while . , while.

3. 1.

 

 

for ( 1; 2; 3) [< >];

 

while :

-1;

While (-2)

{ < >

-3;}

 

for, while . while , .

for while , .

 

do while

do while , . :

 

do < > while ();

 

do while:

 

1. ( ).

2. .

3. , do while . , 1.

 

, , break.

while do while .

 

:

Int i,j,k;

...

i=0; j=0; k=0;

do { i++;

J--;

while (a[k] < i) k++;

}

while (i<30 && j<-30);

.

, :

- , , , ( );

- , , ;

- ;

- , , , , .

, .

do while , (, ).

for ( ).

while , , .

break

. switch. , . break , , .

break, , , .

break :

 

for(t=0; t<100; t++) {

count = 1;

for(;;) {

printf(%d , count);

count++;

if(count == 10) break;

}

}

 

continue

continue - break. continue , . , :

 

Do

{scanf(%d, &x);

if(x<0) continue;

printf(%d , x);

}

while(x!=100);

 

while do/while continue . for , , , .

continue, break, .

 

return

return , , , , . main . :

 

return [];

 

, , . , . , .

- return, . . , void.

, return , .

 

:

Int sum (int a, int b)

{ renurn (a+b); }

 

sum a b int, int, , . return .

 

:

void prov (int a, double b)

{ double c;

if (a<3) return; else if (b>10) return;

else { c=a+b;

if ((2*c-b)==11) return;

}

}

 

return .

 

goto

goto , .

 

:

Goto -;

...

-: ;

 

goto , -. , goto, , .. - . - - .

. goto, . , , .

 

exit;

 

:

 

Exit( );

- int. . .

exit if, , . exit stdlib.h



<== | ==>
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