.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


3

-

3

 

 


 

.. - 3 . : , 2015. 43 .

 

- 151000 .

 

 


 

   
     
   
3.    
3    
   
   

 

 


 

, , , .

. , .

- , , .

, .

 

 


3

. .

.

. . , , , .

, . , , .

, . . .

3.1

( ) - ( 3.1) .

P min . = 0,180 t . .

3.1 ( 3.1)

3.1

1, 2 ,   2
3, 4   1 , 1

3.1

5, 6   1 , 1
    -
    -
    -
    -
    -
12, 13   1 , 1
  -   -
    -
    1 , 2
     
     
19, 20 -   1 , 1
21, 22   1 , 1
    1 , 1

3.1 - -

li:

l1 = l2 = 1,010-5 1/ l13 = 2510-5 1/
l3 = l4 = 3510-5 1/ l14 = 5,310-5 1/
l5 = l6 = 4010-5 1/ l15 = 2,010-5 1/
l7 = 9,010-5 1/ l16 = 1010-5 1/
l8 = 2,110-5 1/ l17 = 7,910-5 1/
l9 = 1,510-5 1/ l18 = 3,510-5 1/
l10 = 7,810-5 1/ l19 = l20 = 5010-5 1/
l11 = 2,310-5 1/ l21 = l22 = 4510-5 1/
l12 = 2,510-5 1/ l23 = 0,110-5 1/

1). .

, 3.1 : , ?

, , , , , .


3.1. , 1 2 , 5 6 ..

3.2 3.1.

3.2

2).

= P1P2P7P8P9P10 P11P14 P15P17 P18P23

[1(1P3)(1P4)][1(1P5)(1P6)][1(1P12)(1P13)][1(1P16)3] (3.1)

[1(1P19)(1P20)][1(1P21)(1P22)].

(t) = e-lt (3.1) :

= e-kt [1(1e-l3t)2] [1(1e-l5t)2][1(1e-l12t)2] (3.2)

[1(1e-l16t)3][1(1e-l19t)2][1(1e-l21t)2],

k = l1+l2+l7+l8+l9+l10+l11+l14+l15+l17+l18+l23 (3.3)

3).

 

R1 = e-kt = e-(1,0+1,0+9,0+2,1+1,5+7,8+2,3+5,3+2,0+7,9+3,5+0,1)10-5t;

R2 = [1(1e-l3t)2] = [1(1e-3510-5t)2];

R3 = [1(1e-l5t)2] = [1(1e-4010-5t)2];

R4 = [1(1e-l12t)2] = [1(1e-2,510-5t)2]; (3.4)

R5 = [1(1e-l16t)3] = [1(1e-1010-5t)3];

R6 = [1(1e-l19t)2] = [1(1e-5010-5t)2];

R7 = [1(1e-l21t)2] = [1(1e-4510-5t)2].

 

, (3.2) :

= R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7. (3.5)

4).

(3.4) (3.5) 3.2.

3.2

t, . R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7
  0,898 0,993 0,991 0,996 1,000 0,986 0,989 0,860
  0,805 0,975 0,967 0,986 1,000 0,951 0,958 0,673
  0,723 0,947 0,932 0,971 1,000 0,902 0,922 0,516
  0,647 0,921 0,892 0,952 1,000 0,846 0,868 0,373
  0,521 0,832 0,795 0,903 1,000 0,770 0,754 0,172

 

5). -
( 3.3) t Pmjn.

Pc min

 

3.3 -

-

(. 3.3) P min = 0,180 t = 1470 .

6).

3.2 , :

- R1(1500) = 0,521, ;

- R6(1500) = 0,770 (- . 19, 20) R7(1500) = 0,754 ( . 21, 22).

, (R1). , R6 R7.

7).

, -, , -, .

, R6 R7.

- :

, (3.6)

- ;

- .

> 1 , .

t = 1000 . , (.. ) () () .

(3.7)

 

.

, - (. 19, 20,
. 3.1) , (. 21, 22,
. 3.1) , t = 1000 21 %.

, .

 

 


3

( ) ( 200, 500, 600, 1000 1500 ) .

li:

 

l l, 1/
 
) (2 - 6) 10-5
) (1 - 4) 10-5
) (2 - 4) 10-5
(5 - 15) 10-5
(1 - 8) 10-4
 
) (3 - 5) 10-5
) (4 - 6) 10-5
) (2 - 4) 10-5
(2 - 6) 10-5
, (0,1 - 1,0) 10-5
 
) (25 - 40) 10-5
) (35 - 50) 10-5
) (45 - 60) 10-5
, (1 - 4) 10-7
, , (2 - 8) 10-4
(1 - 4) 10-4
(1 - 5) 10-3
(1 - 4) 10-4
(1 - 6) 10-4
(1 - 5) 10-5

 

P min . = 0,180 t .

.

.

 

 

3.

.

 


1.

 

 

 

. . ,
    1 3 D = 400 ; = 2000 ; F = 22 2
4-1   1 2 D = 2600 ; = 4000 ; V=20 3
4-2
4-3
1-1   2 1 D = 4000 ; = 4000 ; V = 50 3
1-2
    2 2 -n-1; Q = 61 3/, = 42 ...
    - D = 4000 ; = 4000 ; V = 50 3
    1 1 2-; Q =20 3/; =53 ...
  ,   - -

 


 

2.

 

 

 

. . ,
    - D = 400 ; = 2000 ; F = 22 2
4-1   2 1 D = 2600 ; = 4000 ; V=20 3
4-2
4-3
1-1   1 1 D = 4000 ; = 4000 ; V = 50 3
1-2
    1 1 -n-1; Q = 61 3/, = 42 ...
    1 2 D = 4000 ; = 4000 ; V = 50 3
    2 2 2-; Q =20 3/; =53 ...
  ,   - -

 


3.

. . ,
  , ,   - -
    2 -1 ; Q = 7,2 3/; = 12 ...
    - D = 2200; = 2610 ; V = 10 3
    2 1 3-5n-1; Q = 36 3/; = 36 ...
    - D = 2800; = 2000 ; V=133
25-2   2 5-9n-7; Q = 160 3/; =29 ...
25-1
    - D = 3000; = 1520 ; V = 10 3
    1 2 D=2600/3800 ; =10310; h=300×3
    - -18; Q = 65000 3/; = 1030 . .
21-2   1 1 5-9n-7; Q = 160 3/; = 29 ...
21-1
    - D = 2600/3800; = 10310 ; h = 300×3
    - D = 3000; = 1520 ; V = 10 3
18-2   2 2 5-9n-7; Q = 160 3/, = 29 . .
18-1
    - Q = 3000; = 1520 ; V = 10 3
    1 2 D = 2600/3800; = 10310 : h = 300
15-2   2 5-9-7; Q = 160 3/; = 29 ...
15-1
    - D = 3000; = 1520 : V = 10 3
    - D = 2600/3800; = 10310 ; h = 200
    2 1 -40/750: Q = 4000 3/; = 750 ..

4.

. . ,
  , ,   - -
    2 -1 ; Q = 7,2 3/; = 12 ...
    - D = 2200; = 2610 ; V = 10 3
    1 2 3-5n-1; Q = 36 3/; = 36 ...
    - D = 2800; = 2000 ; V=133
25-2   2 2 5-9n-7; Q = 160 3/; =29 ...
25-1
    - D = 3000; = 1520 ; V = 10 3
    1 2 D=2600/3800 ; =10310; h=300×3
    - -18; Q = 65000 3/; = 1030 . .
21-2   2 5-9n-7; Q = 160 3/; = 29 ...
21-1
    - D = 2600/3800; = 10310 ; h = 300×3
    - D = 3000; = 1520 ; V = 10 3
18-2   2 5-9n-7; Q = 160 3/, = 29 . .
18-1
    - Q = 3000; = 1520 ; V = 10 3
    2 1 D = 2600/3800; = 10310 : h = 300
15-2   2 2 5-9-7; Q = 160 3/; = 29 ...
15-1
    - D = 3000; = 1520 : V = 10 3
    - D = 2600/3800; = 10310 ; h = 200
    2 1 -40/750: Q = 4000 3/; = 750 ..

5.

. . ,
  ,   -  
    - = 1200 ; L = 21000 ; Q = 200 /
67-2   2 2 Q = 1600 /; = 31200
67-1
    - -1
    1 1 = 1200 ; L = 1100 ; Q = 225 /
    1 2 431; Q=10 /
    - = 1200 ; L = 1100 ; Q = 225 /
    - -
    2 2 4- . D=1 250; h=4515; Q=50000 3/
    - D-12; Q = 35000 3/; = 380 . .
    - D-9; Q = 6000 3/; = 350 . .
    2 1 D = 2400 ; L = 5000 ; V = 44 3
    - D = 4000 ; L=22000
  -   1 1 D = 4000 ; L=8000 ; Q = 400 /

6.

. . ,
  ,   - -
    - = 1200 ; L = 21000 ; Q = 200 /
67-2   1 1 Q = 1600 /; = 31200
67-1
    1 2 -1
    2 1 = 1200 ; L = 1100 ; Q = 225 /
    - 431; Q=10 /
    - L = 1100 ; Q = 225 /
    - D = 2000 ; L = 3000
    2 2 4- . D=1 250; h=4515; Q=50000 3/
    - D-12; Q = 35000 3/; = 380 . .
    - D-9; Q = 6000 3/; = 350 . .
    1 2 D = 2400 ; L = 5000 ; V = 44 3
    - D = 4000 ; L=22000
  -   2 1 D = 4000 ; L=8000 ; Q = 400 /

7.

 

 

. . ,
  ,   - -
    - = 1200 ; L = 50000 ; Q = 200 /
    3 - 1
    - = 500 ; L = 81500 ; Q = 35 /
    1 1 -650; Q = 60 3/; =23000
    2 2 4- . D = 1250; h = 4515; Q = 50000 3/
    1 1 -17; Q = 65000 3/; = 1000 ..
    - L×× = 9000×1142×4050; F = 9 2
    - F = 9 2; Q = 75 /
    - -650; = 27000; Q = 60 3/
    - B = 1000 ; L = 15000 ; Q = 125 /
    - B = 1000 ; L = 21000 ; Q = 70 /
42-1-   1 3 Q = 25 /
-42-4
41-1-   3 1 F = 9 2; Q = 75 /
-41-4
    - Q = 160 /; = 31200
    - Q = 160 /; =31200
    - = 1000 ; L = 12700; Q = 140 /

 

8.

 

 

. . ,
  ,   - -
    - = 1200 ; L = 50000 ; Q = 200 /
    1 1 - 1
    - = 500 ; L = 81500 ; Q = 35 /
    - -650; Q = 60 3/; =23000
    3 1 4- . D = 1250; h = 4515; Q = 50000 3/
    1 1 -17; Q = 65000 3/; = 1000 ..
    - L×× = 9000×1142×4050; F = 9 2
    - F = 9 2; Q = 75 /
    - -650; = 27000; Q = 60 3/
    - B = 1000 ; L = 15000 ; Q = 125 /
    - B = 1000 ; L = 21000 ; Q = 70 /
42-1-   2 2 Q = 25 /
-42-4
41-1-   1 3 F = 9 2; Q = 75 /
-41-4
    - Q = 160 /; = 31200
    - Q = 160 /; =31200
    - = 1000 ; L = 12700; Q = 140 /

9.

 

 

 

. . ,
    - -
  4-9-2-   2 2 Q = 45 3/; H = 54
    2 V = 25 3
    1 1 V = 32 3
    2 1 Q = 22 /
  8-9-1   3 1 Q = 280 3/; = 42
2 8-9-1   1 3 Q = 280 3/; = 42
1   - V = 55 3
    - V = 55 3

 

 


 

10.

 

 

 

. . ,
    - -
  4-9-2-   3 1 Q = 45 3/; H = 54
    - V = 25 3
    2 V = 32 3
    1 2 Q = 22 /
2 8-9-1   1 3 Q = 280 3/; = 42
  8-9-1   2 2 Q = 280 3/; = 42
1   1 1 V = 55 3
    - V = 55 3

 


11.

 

 

 

. . ,
    - -
  8-9-1   2 2 Q = 280 3/; H = 42
    - V = 12
  -15,5   1 2 Q = 115000 3/; = 600 ..
  Ø3000   1 1 = 3500
  Ø4000   - = 5000
  8-9-1   1 3 Q = 280 3/; = 42
    - V = 12 3
  -13,5   3 1 Q = 60000 3/; = 500
  Ø2015   2 Q = 60000 3/; = 2500
  D = 2800 ; = 5   - Q = 60000 3/

 


 

12.

 

 

 

. . ,
    - -
  8-9-1   3 1 Q = 280 3/; H = 42
    - V = 12
  -15,5   1 1 Q = 115000 3/; = 600 ..
  Ø3000   2 2 = 3500
  Ø4000   - = 5000
  8-9-1   1 2 V = 280 3/; = 42
    - V = 12 3
  -13,5   1 3 Q = 60000 3/; = 500
  Ø2015   1 1 Q = 60000 3/; = 2500
  D = 2800 ; = 5   - Q = 60000 3/

 


13.

 

 

. . ,
    - -
  -4-22   - Ø 4; α = 22
13 -11   1 1 Q = 8000 3/; =350 ..
  -12   2 2 Q = 45000 3/. =390 ..
  α = 5100 , V = 4,42   - -
  -431   1 3 -
  Ø500   1 2 L = 5
    2 -
    2 1 -

 

 


 

14.

 

 

 

. . ,
    - -
  -4-22   - Ø 4; α = 22
13 -11   3 1 V = 8000 3/; =350 ..
  -12   1 1 Q = 45000 3/. =390 ..
  α = 5100 , V = 4,42   - -
  -431   1 3 -
  Ø500   2 2 L = 5
    1 2 -
    1 1 -

 

 


 

15.

 

 

 

. . ,
    - -
  -4-22   - Ø 4; α = 22
13 -11   3 1 V = 8000 3/; =350 ..
  -12   1 1 Q = 45000 3/. =390 ..
  α = 5100 , V = 4,42   - -
  -431   1 3 -
  Ø500   - L = 5
    1 2 -
    1 1 -

 

 


16.

 

 

 

. . ,
  D-12   - Q = 57000 3/; = 590
  -431   1 2 -
  -431   2 2 -
  -1   1 2 -
    3 1 = 650 ; L = 50
  Ø500   2 L = 7
  -52   1 1 F = 8 2
  -550   - = 26

 


17.

 

 

 

 

. . ,
  D-12   - Q = 57000 3/; = 590
  -431   2 2 -
  -431   1 3 -
  -1   2 1 -
    1 1 = 650 ; L = 50
  Ø500   - L = 7
  -52   1 2 F = 8 2
  -550   - = 26

 


18.

 

 

 

. . ,
  D-12   - Q = 57000 3/; = 590
  -431   2 2 -
  -431   1 3 -
  -1   2 1 -
    1 1 = 650 ; L = 50
  Ø500   - L = 7
  -52   1 2 F = 8 2
  -550   - = 26

 


19.

 

 

/ . . ,
  1301   - Q = 50 /; V = 11,5 3; V6 = 6,4 3
  1320   1 1 2--1 Q = 203/; = 53 ..
  1319   - V = 5 3; = 1816 ; = 20000
  1314   1 1 -5-1 Q = 45 3/; = 30,5 ..
  1313   - V = 50 3; = 4000 ; = 4000
  1312   1 2 -5-1 Q = 45 3/; = 30,5 ..
  1311   - V = 53; = 1816; = 2016
  1310   - -8 Q = 10000 3/; = 500 /2
  1309   - = 1012 ; = 9795
  1308   - 600-10-111 F = 65 25-4
  1307   3 1 -5-1; Q = 45 3/; = 31 ..
  1306   - V = 100 3; = 5000 ; = 5000
  1305 3-   2 1 V = 32 3; = 3016 ; = 8832
  1303   2 2 2-6-1; Q =203/; = 3 1 ..
  1302   - V = 203; = 3016; = 2818

 


20.

 

 

/ . . ,
  1301   - Q = 50 /; V = 11,5 3; V6 = 6,4 3
  1320   1 2 2--1 Q = 203/; = 53 ..
  1319   - V = 5 3; = 1816 ; = 20000
  1314   1 1 -5-1 Q = 45 3/; = 30,5 ..
  1313   - V = 50 3; = 4000 ; = 4000
  1312   2 1 -5-1 Q = 45 3/; = 30,5 ..
  1311   - V = 53; = 1816; = 2016
  1310   - -8 Q = 10000 3/; = 500 /2
  1309   - = 1012 ; = 9795
  1308   - 600-10-111 F = 65 25-4
  1307   1 3 -5-1; Q = 45 3/; = 31 ..
  1306   - V = 100 3; = 5000 ; = 5000
  1305 3-   1 2 V = 32 3; = 3016 ; = 8832
  1303   3 1 2-6-1; Q =203/; = 3 1 ..
  1302   - V = 203; = 3016; = 2818

 


21.

 

 

/ . . ,
  1301   - Q = 50 /; V = 11,5 3; V6 = 6,4 3
  1320   1 2 2--1 Q = 203/; = 53 ..
  1319   - V = 5 3; = 1816 ; = 20000
  1314   1 1 -5-1 Q = 45 3/; = 30,5 ..
  1313   - V = 50 3; = 4000 ; = 4000
  1312   2 1 -5-1 Q = 45 3/; = 30,5 ..
  1311   - V = 53; = 1816; = 2016
  1310   - -8 Q = 10000 3/; = 500 /2
  1309   - = 1012 ; = 9795
  1308   - 600-10-111 F = 65 25-4
  1307   1 3 -5-1; Q = 45 3/; = 31 ..
  1306   - V = 100 3; = 5000 ; = 5000
  1305 3-   1 2 V = 32 3; = 3016 ; = 8832
  1303   3 1 2-6-1; Q =203/; = 3 1 ..
  1302   - V = 203; = 3016; = 2818

 


22. .

 

 

 

/ . . ,
  1353   1 , 2 -5-1 Q = 45 3/; = 31


<== | ==>
2 | - , ,
:


: 2017-03-11; !; : 491 |


:

:

, .
==> ...

1860 - | 1683 -


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