, . 2 (k = 1.4) t 1=20 o (T 1 = 293 K).
7.1
T 2, K | |||||||||
t 2,o |
: 1) T 2 (. .7.1); 2) ; 3) . , . , , 200240 . 150160 , , . , 57 . , . (. 7.5). p 1 p 2. T 1 T 2. I , p 2 = p 3 T 3 = T 1 (, ). , p 3 p 4. II p 4 = p 5 T 5 = T 1. ( ).
. 7.6 p-v, . 7.7 T-s. 01 ; 12 ; 23 ( 232 . 7.7); 34 ; 45 ( 45mn4 . 7.7); 56 . 1,3,5 T 1. 123456701. 1701, . , 123456 , (. . 7.6). , : 1 = 2 = 3. , :
|
|
; p 2 = p 3, p 4 = p 5 ..,
(7.7)
z - ; p - .
- , .. 1015 % . y ,
y = 1.10 1.15.
z
(7.8)
= 35 , z, (7.8), (7.7). , .
7.2
47 | 630 | 14150 | 36400 | 1501000 | 2001000 | 8001500 | |
z |
z -
N = zN I, (7.9)
N I , (7.5). , ,
. (7.10)
C , , ().
. (7.11)
8. (10)
, , , . .
() : () . e
, (8.1)
, , , .