) 2.
Co(OH)2 + HCl ..; Co(OH)2 + H+ ..
)1. Pb(OH)2 Pb(NO3)2 ( ).
2. - Pb(OH)2 ( c NO3). . .
OH- ..
) 1. Pb(NO3)2 + NaOH ; Pb2++ 2OH- ..¯; ) 2. Pb(OH)2 +
H+ ..
( , ?)
II. O-
- ) ), - :
) SO32 (MnO4-) (H2).
0.5 MnO4 Na2SO31-2 MnO4- .
KMnO4 + Na2SO3+ H2ή MnO2¯ + Na2SO4+...
) .
1-2 HNO3.
Ni + HNO3 Ni(NO3)2 + NO+
Ni2+ . NO - , NO2
III.
, (, ) (, ) , () . - .
3 NaOH +HCl = NaCl + H2O
- 5 NaOH (V = 5 ), , 2-3 () HCl (C = 0.1 /) . (Vi) . . .
III
| V, 10-3 | C, / | Vi, 10-3 | V, 10-3 | C, / | ω | |
| 0,1 | V1 = | V = (V1+V2+V3) / 3 | C = V × C /V | ω = C ∙ ∙ 10-3 | ||
| 0,1 | V2 = | |||||
| 0,1 | V3 = |
- V - , 5
V = (V1+V2+V3) / 3
- C,, V×C = V×C, (NaOH +HCl = NaCl + H2O)
|
|
|
C = V × C / V [ / ],
- ω ( ), r 1 /3
ω = C ∙ / V ∙ r = C ∙ ∙ 10-3,
C [ / ]; [ / ], V ([ 1000 3 ]) - 1 , r - NaOH [ /3 ].
( ), , , V , C ω.
. ( ?)
:
____(. )_________________________________
I. , -
.
Mg(NO3)2 + NaOH = Mg(OH)2↓ + 2NaNO3 .
Mg2+ + 2NO3 + 2Na+ + 2OH = Mg(OH)2↓ + 2Na+ + 2NO3
Mg2+ + 2OH = Mg(OH)2↓
-
Mg(OH)2↓ + 2HNO3 = Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O
Mg(OH)2↓ + 2H+ + 2 NO3 = Mg2+ + 2NO3 + 2H2O
Mg(OH)2↓ + 2H+ = Mg2+ + 2H2O
Mg(OH)2↓ + 2NaOH ≠
.
: , .
