.
. . (), , :
R = ρ*l/S (1)
ρ , l , S .
(ε): , ..
- (I) (U).
, , :
I = q/t (2)
(). 1 .
, :
U = φ1 φ2 (3)
.
:
I = U/R (4)
(.1), ε r R. .1. , .
, , :
I = ε/( R+r ) ε = IR + Ir = U + Ir (5)
: R>>r R<<r.
ε ,
ε = IR = U
, , . U = ε R>>r.
I = ε/ r . , R<<r.
, r.
R1 U1 . , R2, U2. :
ε = U1 + U1r/R1; ε = U2 + U2r/R2
U1 + U1r/R1 = U2 + U2r/R2
U1R1R2 U2R1R2 = U2R1r-U1R2r = r(U2R1-U1R2)
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r = R1R2(U1-U2)/(U2R1-U1R2) (6)
.
1.
ΣUi = Σ ε j. (7)
2.
ΣIi = 0. (8)
N (.2). , . , . , :
I = U/ΣR j (9)
i- :
Ui =R jU/ΣR j (10)
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. 2. .
(10) , . , , , , .
.
, ε =48 2, 5, 6, 9 .
1. R = ΣR j, R=48;
2. I = ε /R, I = 48B/48k = 1;
3. R1 = U1/I, R1 = 2/1 = 2 ;
4. R2 = U2/I R1, R2 = 5/1 2 = 3;
5. R3 = U3/I R1 R2, R3 = 6/1 2 3 = 1 ..
.
1. , :
1. .1;
2. R1=100 , U1 R1;
3. R2=10 , U2 R2;
4. :
r = R1R2(U1-U2)/(U2R1-U1R2)
5. 3 95%.
2. (R j) Ui, (.2). EWB 5.12. . Ui, .
ε | U1 | U2 | U3 | U4 | |
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.
a. ? . 1 .
b. ? . .
c. ? ? , ?
d. . .
e. , ?
f. ? , .
g. ? . .
h. .
i. . .
j. .
k. ? , .
l. .
2.
- .
.3. .
1, | r1, | 2, | r2, | J, | R1, | R2, | R3, | R4, | R5, | |
3.