, (, , ) (), , .
, , .
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, .
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, , .. , ( ).
, , .
, .
, ( ).
, , .
.
.
.
.
1, , m . m .
1, , n . n .
aij .
aij < 0 | aij |.
(i; Bj) .
aij (i; Bj) , ( 1).
1 -
i | Bj | α i | ||
1 | n | |||
1 m | a 11 am 1 | a 1 n amn | α1 α m | |
β j | β1 | β n |
, , ( ).
:
,
.
, , .
|
|
, , .
i α i Bj, ..
α i = min aij (i = 1, , m).
α i i, , ..
α = max α i = max min aij. (1)
α . (1), ().
, , .
i, .
.
j
β j = max aij (j = 1, , n),
β j Bj, , ..
β = min β j = min max aij. (2)
β . (2), ().
, , .
j, .
. ., , α, , β.
, , .
.
.
.
2 -
i | Bj | α i | |||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
1 2 3 | -1 -2 | -1 | -1 -2 | ||
β j |
2 α i.
0.
, α = max min aij = 0, 2.
β j.
2, , β = min max aij = 2, 3.
1. , .. α ≤ β.
, .. α = β, , υ = α = β.
i * j * , α = β.
(i*; Bj*) , , ,
ai*j* , i * - j * - , - .
2.
3 -
i | Bj | α i | |||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | ||
1 2 3 | -2 | -1 -5 | -3 | -3 -5 | |
β j |
|
|
.
α = max α i = max (2; -3; -5) = 2,
β = min β j = min (9; 2; 3; 2) = 2,
υ = α = β= 2.
2 ( 1; 2) ( 1; 4).
1, 2 4.
.: 2 12 = 2 14 = 2.
ai*j* i * - j * - , . . aij* ≤ ai*j* ≤ ai*j.
i* Bj*, , .
{ Ai *; Bj *; υ} .
{ A 1; B 2; υ} { A 1; B 4; υ }.