1.
D=D+De..+De ., (16)
: D - , , ; . 10.19 [6];
De. ., De - , , .
n , , De.
, (17)
b - 1 , /3*), :
t-t = 95-70 b =0,64;
t-t =105-70 b =0,66;
g =9,81 /2- ;
=4,19 / - ;
Qi - i- , ;
h i- i - ( ), .
. 2 ;
G - , /,
, (18)
Q - , , ;
b 1 - , -140-108, -140-98, -140 b 1=1,04;
-90, -90 b 1=1,03;
b 2 - , , 1,02.
D e. . , , . .I [6]. D e. .
2. R ., /,
, (19)
å L - , , .
3. G, /,
, (20)
Q - , .
2. : - ; -
4. R G, . .1. [6] 2 d, R W . , . 10,5 [6]. . 5.
5. 4 7.
6. . . 10 .11 [6] 4. . 6, . 5.
7. 3 .
8.
Z=åx*P. (21)
|
|
9. . å(RL+Z) 12 . 5.
:
å(RL+Z)0,9*DPp, (22)
.. DPp 10% (). å(RL+Z).
7
Q., | G., / | L, | d, | W, / | R, / | RL, | åx | , | Z, | RL+Z, | |
10. . () , ,
å(RL+Z).=DPp., (23)
DPp. - .
8
z | Sz | ||
( ) , , .
D..=S(Rl+Z).+(DPl.-DPl .). (24)
15%, 5%.
11. , , ,
, (25)
G - , , /,
D . - , .
5 .
, .
.
1. , ,
, (26)
t - , º;
SD t - , º; 1 : D 25,32,40 0,04 º; D 50 - 0,03 º; D (65 - 100) - 0,02 º;
SQ - , , ;
SQ - , B. Q =115 .
|
|
2.
, (27)
Q - , ;
a - , 5.
3. t
Dt=t-t. (28)
4. , , /,
G=a*G. (28)
5.
, (30)
n,p,c 1 - ,
. 7;
b - , . 7
y =1-0.006(t-t) , "-" ( y =1);
t,t - , .
t=2*t-t , (31)
9
1, n, p
G, / | |||||
1 | n | p | |||
- | 18-54 54-540 540-900 | 1.039 1.0 0.996 | 0.3 0.3 0.3 | 0.02 0.01 | |
- | 18-120 120-900 | 1.092 1.0 | 0.15 0.15 | 0.08 | |
- | 18-65 65-900 | 1.113 0.97 | 0.25 0.25 | 0.12 0.04 |
10
b
, | ||||||||
1,0 | 0,994 | 0,989 | 0,983 | 0,977 | 0,972 | 0,966 | 0,960 | |
1,0 | 0,992 | 0,983 | 0,975 | 0,968 | 0,961 | 0,954 | 0,947 |
6. Q. ., ,
(32)
7. N ( ).
, (33)
Q. - , [6, ];
b4 - [6, . 9.12]. b4 =1;
b3 - , :
15 16-20 21-25
b3 1,0 0,98 0,96
. 9.
11
Q., , | SQ, , | SQ, , | t., | t., | Dt., | j | Q.., | N, | Nmin, | |||
b3 | b4 | |||||||||||
.
d, ,
, (34)
D - , , (. (16):
G - , /;
(35)
Qc - , .
, , , d, ,
, (36)
U - ,
. (37)
(), .