nH2n+1COOH.
, , . , , , ; , , - ..
. , .
3 | |||
3 2 | |||
3 2 2 | |||
3 (2)2 2 | |||
3 (2)3 2 | |||
3 (2)4 2 | |||
3 (2)5 2 | |||
3 (2)6 2 | |||
3 (2)7 2 | |||
3 (2)8 2 | |||
3 (2)9 2 | |||
3 (2)10 2 | |||
3 (2)11 2 | |||
3 (2)12 2 | |||
3 (2)13 2 | |||
3 (2)14 2 | |||
3 (2)15 2 | |||
3 (2)17 2 | |||
3 (2)19 2 | |||
3 (2)21 2 | |||
3 (2)23 2 | |||
3 (2)25 2 | |||
3 (2)27 2 |
:
5 4 3 2 1
3 2 =
½ ½ ½
3 3
2,4-
.
- | - | ( . - ) |
3 - | 3 - | ( . ") |
1.
3 2 2 = 3 =
½ ½ ½
|
|
3
2-
() ()
2.
482
3 2 2 = 3 2 =
½ ½
3
(1 3) , . . (4) , . (> 10) , , . .
, , , .
, . : .
. , , 16,60. .
. . , .
, .
, . ; .
, ( ) . . , . - , . . . .
1. , , , . .
2. ()
3 2 = + [O]¾¾ 3 2 =
½ ½
H
3.
NaOH, MnCl2
4 + 2 ¾¾ =
½
|
|
.
4. (II).
t
+ NaOH ¾¾ HCOONa
HCOONa + H2SO4 ¾¾ HCOOH + Na2SO4
5. (II)
t, p
3 + ¾¾ 3
1.
1.1 :
23 2 = +2Na 23 2 = + H2
½ ½
OH ONa
1.2. ( I II ):
23 2 + (3 2 )2 + H2
1.3. :
3 2 + 3 2 + H2
1.4. ( ).
3 2 + Na23 3 2 Na + H2 + CO2
2.
2.1. :
2SO4 .
3 2 + 2 3 ¾¾ 3 2 Ζ 2 3 + 2
ll ll
()
3. . ( a-).
3 2 + Br2 3 + Br
ll ½ ll
O Br O
2-
(a- )
4. . :
362 + 3,52 32 + 32
5.
=
½
, :
= + [] 23 2 + 2
½
( ).
.
(1,25 %- ) . , .
, (, ), , .
. ( ) . , .
3(Cu) - .
2F COONa (CH2F COO)2Ba , (), ().