Х. Степановский 2013
Оглавление
INFORMATION DEPENDENT SOCIETY
Ознакомьтесь с терминами текста 1.
computer literacy — компьютерная грамотность
problem-solving device — устройство, обеспечивающее решение задачи
be aware of — понимать, сознавать
opportunity — возможность
basics — основы
application — применение; использование
to restate — пересмотреть, переосмыслить
significant — значительный
achievements — достижения
computing — вычисление; счет; работа на компьютере
to embrace — охватывать
dimension — измерение
instruction — команда, инструкция, указание
to direct the operation — направлять работу
to process — обрабатывать
subscription magazine — журнал по подлиске
data processing system — система обработки данных
store manager — директор магазина
to have much in common — иметь много общего
2. Прочтите текст и скажите, как вы понимаете термины «информационное общество» и «компьютерная грамотность».
COMPUTER LITERACY
Informed citizens of our information-dependent society should be computer-literate, which means that they should be able to use computers as everyday problem-solving devices. They should be aware of the potential of computers to influence the quality of life.
There was a time when only privileged people had an opportunity to learn the basics, called the three R's: reading, writing, and arithmetic’s. Now, as we are quickly becoming an information-becoming society, it is time to restate this right as the right to learn reading, writing and computing. There is little doubt that computers and their many applications are among the most significant technical achievements of the century. They bring with them both economic and social changes. "Computing" is a concept that embraces not only the old third R, arithmetic’s, but also a new idea — computer literacy.
In an information society a person who is computer-literate need not be an expert on the design of computers. He needn't even know much about how to prepare programs which are the instructions that direct the operations of computers. All of us are already on the way to becoming computer-literate. Just think of your everyday life. If you receive a subscription magazine in the post-office, it is probably addressed to you by a computer. If you buy something with a bank credit card or pay a bill by check, computers help you process the information. When you check out at the counter of your store, a computer assists the checkout clerk and the store manager. When you visit your doctor, your schedules and bills and special services, such as laboratory tests, are prepared by computer. Many actions that you have taken or observed have much in common. Each relates to some aspect of a data processing system.
Просмотрите текст 1 еще раз. Ответьте на вопросы, используя информацию текста.
1. What does "a computer-literate person" mean? 2. Are you aware of the potential of computers to influence your life? 3. What do the people mean by "the basics"? 4. What is the role of computers in our society? 5. What is "computing'? 6. What is a program? 7. Prove that we all are on the way to becoming computer-literate. 8. Give examples of using computers in everyday life.
4. Прочтите, переведите и запомните следующие выражения:
An information-dependent society; a computer-literate citizen; an everyday problem-solving device; to be aware; to influence the quality of life; to have an opportunity; to learn the basics; to learn computing; the most significant technical achievements; to embrace computer literacy; to prepare programs; to direct the operations of a computer; to be on the way of becoming computer-literate; to process information; to have much in common; a data processing system.
Ознакомьтесь с терминами текста 2
Intricate — сложный, запутанный,
electronic circuit — электронная цепь, схема
to operate switches — приводить в действие переключатели
to store numbers — запоминать числа
to manipulate — управлять; обращаться; преобразовывать
to input / to feed in — вводить (информацию)
to turn on = to switch on — включать
to turn off = to switch off — выключать
to process data — обрабатывать данные
to supply — подавать, вводить, снабжать, обеспечивать
addition — сложение
subtraction — вычитание
division —деление
multiplication — умножение
exponentiation — возведение в степень
user — пользователь
input device — устройство ввода
disk drive — дисковое запоминающее устройство, дисковод
tape drive — запоминающее устройство на магнитной ленте
cathode-ray tube — электроннолучевая трубка
to make decisions — принимать решения
instantaneously — мгновенно, немедленно
