SDH , , SDH (. . ), (. . - ), ( ) , . .
:
1+1; 1:1 ;
1:1 N:1; N:m;
(1+1; 1:1).
1+1 , , , .
1:1 , : , . .
( ) ( ). , , (. 5.1).
, SDH- , . . (. 5.2).
. 5.1. | . 5.2. |
. N:m, m N , 2 / (21:1, 16:1) STM-1 (1:1).
38 (VC-2/V-1 ) V5, J2, N2 4. V5 TU-2/TU-1. - 500 - . 5.7 - VC-12, (Payload), -12, , . V5 , - VC-2/VC-1. V5 5.8. b1 b2 VC-2/VC-1. , . BIP-2. BIP-2 , b1 b2 - . VC-2/VC-1 3, 4 8 V5 , VC VC-2/ VC-1 . b3 VC-2/VC-1 REI (Remote Error Indication). BIP-2 . BIP-2 b1 b2 BIP-2 - . , REI - b3 - . , b3 . b4 RFI (Remote Failure Indication). , , , -118 . 1, - , 0. REI - : 0 = 0 ; 1 = 1 . 5.7 VC-12 5.8 V5 119 5.8 b5 b6 b7 0 0 0 VC-12 0 0 1 ( 1) 0 1 0 ( 2) 0 1 1 - ( 3) 1 0 0 - ( 4) 1 0 1 ( ) 1 1 0 1 1 1 VC-AIS ( 5) . 1. 1 , - . 2. 2 / VC-12, , (0-31). 3. , - VC-12, 3 - . 4. 2 /, , (0-31). 5. - . REI VC-2/VC-1 - , BIP-2. b5-b7 VC-2A/C-1. - 5.8. b8 1 VC-2/ VC-1 RDI, - 0. RDI VC-2/VC-1 - , TU-2/TU-1 . RDI . RDI . J2 . - J2. - SDH. - -120 LP-APId (Low Order Access Point Identifier). - - . - , , J0 J1, 5.1 ( 5.1). N2 . . N2 5.9. b1 b2 BIP-2 . b3 . , N2 - . - . b4 AIS. b5 - (TC-REI). b6 OEI (Outgoing Defect Indication), - . b7-b8 76 :
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39 SDH. DCC
SDH, , , SDH, NE . SDH SMN. , () DCC, SDH, , . 25 Ethernet.
SDH ( ).
() ES-IS (End System to Intermediate System) IS-IS (Intermediate System - to - Intermediate System) [108], , Q 3. , , . . -
, . SDH. NE DCC, , .
SDH . 5.18. , DIM. - ( ) NE F. NM ( ) SDH Q 3. ( ) . SDH Q 3.
. 5.18
F Q 3. Ethernet 10 Base- 2, CLNS 1. SDH Q 3, , SDH, ISO ITU-T (. 5.2) [77].
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|
SDH | SDH | ITU-T G.784 |
1-3 | ITU-T Q.811 | |
4-7 | ITU-T Q.812 | |
Q 3 | 2 | ITU-T Q.921 LAPD DCC LLC1 (ISO 8802-2) Ethernet |
3 | CLNP ISO 8473, ISO 8348/ AD 2 | |
4 | ITU-T X. 214, X. 224 | |
5 | ITU-T X. 215, X. 225 | |
6 | ITU-T X. 216, X. 226 | |
7 | ACSE: CCITT X. 211, X. 221 | |
ROSE: CCITT X. 219, X. 229 | ||
CMISE: ISO 9595-1, ISO 9596-1 | ||
ES-IS | ISO 9542 | |
IS-IS | ISO 10589 |
- F. LAN Ethernet Q 3 . 5.2 2.
NE NSAP (Network Service Access Point). NE NE NM.
, . , 100, . , . , :
1) , , , , , ;
2)
SDH;
3) , , ,
NSAP .
, , . , 1 IS-IS , 2 .
NSAP IS-IS . 5.19,
20 .
ID | DSP | |||
AFI | IDI | SID | NS | |
1 | 2 | 10 | 6 | 1 |
. 5.19
NSAP : ID (Initial Domain Part) DSP (Domain Specific Part).
IDP NSAP : AFI (Authority and Format Identifier) 1 ID! (Initial Domain Identifier) 2 . , . NSAP ISO 3166.
DSP IS-IS, . ID (Area Address) 10 . SID (System Identifier) 6 , . NS (Network Selection) . NSAP [77].
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40 AU-4
AU-4 - , VC-4 ( 4.29). :
- (PAYLOAD), 261 9 , .. 2349 , VC-4;
- , (Administrative Unit Overhead, AUOH) 9 , -
261
|
PAYLOAD
AUOH :
Hl, H2 - , ;
3 - ;
Y - 1001nn 11;
U - 11111111/
AU-4
1 2; 4.30 , 1 2.
10 ; VC-4 AU-4. 10 0 1023.
4.30 - 1 2 |
HI Y Y 2 | U | ^ ^ |
AU0H 1- | 1 | |
HI Y Y 2 U | U | |
AU0H 2- | 1 11 | |
NDF 4.32 - 1 2 |
(PAYLOAD) AU-4 2349 , , .
PAYLOAD 3 , .. .
, , 0 782; (PAYLOAD).
, 783 , 0 782, 0 , 3.
0 (PAYLOAD), 783 , 4.31.
VC-4 AU-4 (New Data Flag, NDF).
4 , : "0110".
, , : 1001.
41) SDH, .
- . , .
[116]: - . , .
SDH, "-", , , .
.2.7.2, [29], SDH :
1 , PRC, ITU-T G.811 [118], 2048 (. ITU-T G.703, . 10 [14]);
2 ( TNC), ITU-T G.812 [119], 2048 , 2048 /;
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3 ( LNC), ITU-T G.813 [163], 2048 ;
4 STM-N, , 2048 , .155.520 / 4n x 155.520 /.
42)
3-. .
43) SDH. .
SDH , . , CCITT G.810 [116], , . , , "" "" (slip) .
- . , .