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, . ., , ( ), . . , . , , , : , , , .

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1950-60- , : , , , , .

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41. : MacOS, OS/2, Unix, Linux

: MacOS, OS/2, Unix, Linux

Mac OS, 1984

1984 Apple Computer Macintosh Mac OS. , , . . Mac OS , .

, Apple Xerox PARC. Macintosh Xerox, , , , .

Apple. Microsoft, Mac- MS-DOS, Windows ()

Mac OS X

24 2000 CEO Apple ( Apple, - ) Mac OS X 10.0 (). NeXTSTEP.

Mac OS X UNIX-. Mac OS X Mac OS 9 , Mac OS 9 Mac OS X . Mac OS 9 Mac OS X , Classic.

UNIX ( ́) , .

UNIX 1969 . Bell Labs AT&T. UNIX-. UNIX; , , UNIX- (. Unix-like). UNIX- UNIX, UNIX- .

UNIX- :

;

, ;

;

;

, .

UNIX , . UNIX , Microsoft Windows, Unix- , .

UNIX- , . , Unix- .

42. Windows: , .

Windows: , .

Microsoft Windows (Microsoft)

Windows x86, x86-64, IA-64, ARM. DEC Alpha, MIPS PowerPC.

Windows DOS 1983. Microsoft. 1983., 1985. "" . Microsoft Pascal, Lattice C , , Microsoft C.

19851987. Windows , , , , , Windows, .

19871988. 2.03 2.10. , . 286 . DOS .

, ( , .). , Windows, Windows ( ), DOS.

. DOS, (.. ANSI). Windows , Windows .

, .

DOS Windows , , , . PIF (Program Information File). Windows 2 .

1990. 3.0, . Microsoft Windows 3.0. Windows . 16- , 286 1 .

1991. 3.1, (.. 32- ).

1995. Windows , 3.10 3.11 ( Windows , .. ).

1998. 32- Windows- Windows-98. , , Windows-NT, , , . Windows-95, - .

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, Web;

Internet Explorer 4.0, WWW (, , );

HTML, ;

( , );

;

;

, ;

APM (Advanced Power Management) , ;

( , , Paint .).

, 2000. Windows 9 "MILLNIUM" (Windows ME). , , . , Windows, " ".

, ( Microsoft Windows Millennium Edition) :

Windows Movie Maker.

Microsoft Windows Movie Maker - , , .

.

"Plug and Play" , .

.

"" , . , . "" , Windows , .

.

Windows ME , .

.

Windows Support Automation .

.

Windows Internet Migration Internet Explorer Outlook Express .

Windows ME.

, .

. , . , , . .

. , . , , . .

. , . .

, UNIX. UNIX - , . , - . , - .

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.

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́ . . 512 , ), 2048 (, ).

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FAT. .





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