, . Person, FirstName LastName ToString () Object:
public class Person
{
public string FirstName { get; set; }
public string LastName { get; set; }
public override string ToString()
{
return String.Format("{0} {1}", FirstName, LastName);
}
}
Person :
Person[] myPersons = new Person[2];
, , . , , NullReferenceException.
6.15.
, 0:
new Person { FirstName="Ayrton", LastName="Senna" };
new Person { FirstName="Michael", LastName="Schumacher" };
. 6.2 , Person. myPersons . Person, . . Person, .
6.2 - , Person
int, :
Person[] myPersons2 =
{
new Person { FirstName="Ayrton", LastName="Senna"},
new Person { FirstName="Michael", LastName=Schumacher"}
};
( ) . . . 6.3 , . 1, 2 3, -7, 8 9.
6.3 -
#, . ( ). , :
int[,] twodim = new int[3,3];
twodim[0, 0] = 1;
twodim[0, 1] = 2;
twodim[0, 2] = 3;
twodim[1, 0] = 4;
twodim[l, 1] = 5;
twodim[1, 2] = 6;
twodim[2, 0] = 7;
twodim[2, 1].= 8;
twodim[2, 2] = 9;
.
, . , , .
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int [,] twodim = {
{1, 2, 3),
{4, 5, 6},
{7, 8, 9}
};
. - .
int[,,] threedim = {
{ { 1, 2 }, { 3, 4 } },
{ { 5, 6 }, { 7, 8 } },
{ { 9, 10 }, { 11, 12 } }
};
Console.WriteLine(threedim[0, 1, 1]);
(, 3x3 ), (jagged) . .
. 6.4 . , , - , - .
. 6.4. -
. , . , , , . :
int[] [ ] jagged = new int[3] [ ];
jagged[0] = new int [2] { 1, 2 };
jagged[l] = new int[6] { 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 };
jagged[2] = new int[3] { 9, 10, 11 };
for. for , , for - :
for (int row = 0; row < jagged.Length; row++)
{
for (int element = 0; element < jagged[row].Length; element++)
{
Console.WriteLine(": {0}, : {1}, : {2}",
row, element, jagged[row][element]);
}
}
:
: 0, : 0, : 1
: 0, : 0, : 2
: 1, : 0, : 3
: 1, : 1, : 4
: 1, : 2, : 6
: 1, : 3, : 1
: 1, : 4, : 7
: 1, : 5, : 8
: 2, : 0, : 9
: 2, : 1, : 10
: 2, : 2, : 11
Array
- C# Array. C# , Array. , , Array, #., Length foreach. GetEnumerator() Array.
Array : LongLength , , , Rank . Array, .
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Array , - . C# Createlnstance (). , , Createlnstance() .
int 5. Createlnstance() , . SetValue(), - GetValue().
Array intArray1 = Array.Createlnstance (typeof (int), 5);
for (int i = 0;- i < 5; i++)
{
intArray1.SetValue(33, i);
}
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
Console.WriteLine(intArray1.GetValue(i));
}
, int[]:
int[] intArray2 = (int[])intArray1;
Createlnstance() , , 0. 2x3 . 1, - 10.
int[] lengths = {2, 3};
int[] lowerBounds = {1, 10};
Array racers = Array.Createlnstance(typeof(Person), lengths,
lowerBounds);
SetValue(), , :
racers.SetValue (new Person
{
FirstName = "Alain",
LastName = "Prost"
}, 1, 10);
racers.SetValue(new Person
{
FirstName = "Emerson",
LastName = "Fittipaldi"
}, 1, 11);
racers.SetValue(new Person {
FirstName = "Ayrton",
LastName = "Senna"
}, 1, 12);
racers.SetValue(new Person
{
FirstName = "Ralf",
LastName = "Schumacher"
), 2, 10);
racers.SetValue(new Person
{
FirstName = "Fernando",
LastName = "Alonso"
}, 2, 11);
racers.SetValue(new Person
{
FirstName = "Jenson",
LastName = "Button"
}, 2, 12);
0, #. , :
Person[,] racers2 = (Person[,])racers;
Person first = racers2[l, 10];
Person last = racers2[2, 12];
- , , . ICloneable. Clone(), , (shallow) .
, , , . 6.5.
int[] intArray1 = {1, 2);
int[] intArray2 = (int[])intArrayl.Clone();
, , .
6.5 -
. 6.6 beatles beatlesClone, Clone() beatles. Person, beatles beatlesClone, . , beatlesClone, , beatles.
Person[] beatles = {
new Person {FirstName="John", LastName=''Lennon"},
new Person { FirstName="Paul", LastName="McCartney"}
};
Person[] beatlesClone = (Person[])beatles.Clone();
Clone() Array.(), . Clone() () : Clone() , () .
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, , .
6.6 -
Array (Quicksort) . Sort() IComparable. , System.String System.Int32, IComparable, , .
names, string, :
string [] names = {
"Christina Aguillera",
"Shakira",
"Beyonce",
"Gwen Stefani"
};
Array.Sort(names);
foreach (var name in names)
{
Console.WriteLine(name);
}
:
Beyonce
Christina Aguillera
Gwen Stefani
Shakira
, IComparable. CompareTo(), 0, , 0, , , 0, , .
Person, IComparable< Person>. LastName. LastName string, String IComparable, CompareTo(). LastName, FirstName.
public class Person: IComparable<Person>
{
public int CompareTo(Person other)
{
if (other == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("other");
int result = this.LastName.CompareTo(other.LastName);
if (result == 0)
{
result = this.FirstName.CompareTo(other.FirstName);
}
return result;
}
//...
Person (LastName):
Person[] persons = {
new Person { FirstName="Daraon", LastName="Hill"),
new Person { FirstName="Niki", LastName="Lauda"),
new Person { FirstName="Ayrton", LastName="Senna"),
new Person { FirstName="Graham", LastName=Hill)
};
Array.Sort(persons);
foreach (var p in persons)
{
Console.WriteLine(p);
}
Person :
Damon Hill
Graham Hill
Niki Lauda
Ayrton Senna
Person - , , , IComparer IComparer<T>. Compare(). , . IComparer . Compare() , . , () IComparable.
PersonComparer IComparer<Person> Person First Name, LastName. PersonCompareType , PersonComparer:FirstName LastName. PersonComparer, PersonCompareType. Compare() switch LastName, FirstName.
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public enum PersonCompareType
{
FirstName,
LastName
}
public class PersonComparer: IComparer<Person>
{
private PersonCompareType compareType;
public PersonComparer(PersonCompareType compareType)
{
this.compareType = compareType;
}
public int Compare(Person x, Person y)
{
if(x == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("x");
if(y == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("y");
switch (compareType)
{
case PersonCompareType.Firstname:
return x.Firstname.CompareTo(y.FirstName);
case PersonCompareType.Lastname:
return x.Lastname.CompareTo(y.LastName);
default:
throw new ArgumentException(
" ");
}
}
}
PersonComparer Array.Sort().
, :
Array.Sort(persons, new PersonComparer(PersonCompareType.Firstname));
foreach (var p in persons)
{
Console.WriteLine(p);
}
, :
Ayrton Senna
Damon Hill
Graham Hill
Niki Lauda
Array Sort, . , , , IComparable IComparer. 6.8.
