.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


CMFP

.. , . , .. , . , ... , .. , . , . , . , . , . , . , . . , /

.

, , .

.

200 /2 (/) 3 (24 ), , (100 /2/ 1- 14-), (40 /2 / 1- 8-), (600 /2 / 1- 8-1) (40 /2/ 1- 14-) ( CMFP) (24 ); .

.

209 , 17,3 13,9 CMFP. , , , , , CMFP ( =0,025). /, , ( <0,001), ( =0,003) ( =0,007), CMFP ( =0,001). , , ( <0,0001). , ( ≥0,07).

.

CMFP.

* * *

180 000 45 000 [1]. , , . , , , . , , (CMFP), , , [2-4]. , , . . , [5], CMFP, , . CMFP 37-68% , 6 11 . , , 7 16 [6-15]. , CMFP [2, 8, 16]. , . , . , CMFP , [17-23]. , , . [17]. - , , , [24]. , , , . CMFP , , , , . CMFP 305 [12]. , CMFP /, . , CMFP. CMFP CMFP III . CMFP , , . , . , - [25, 26]. G2/M . in vitro [27]. , 24- , [28-33]. , 3- , , [34-37]. - (135 /2 175 /2) (3 24 ) . . , . , 24- 3- [34]. 3, 6 24 [38]. . III 3- 96- [39]. , . 200 /2 250 /2, 24- , 200 /2 [40, 41]. Nabholtz . [42] , , 175 /2, 135 /2.

- ( III IV) , (, 4 ), ( 6 ), . ECOG 0 2; , ; , ; 3 ; . , , , , ( ) in situ; , , , , , 6 , 2 , , , [43].

. . , . , , [44].

[43]. , , Spitzer, [12, 45].

(/) 200 /2 (, - , , -) 3 21 (24 ), (100 /2/ 1- 14-), (40 /2 / 1- 8-), (600 /2 / 1- 8-1) (40 /2/ 1- 14- 28 (24 ) (. 1). , , 20 12 6 . () 50 (25 ) (300 /) (50 /) 30 . -. 90 /2 (/) 3 . 6 .

, 25% 0,5 109/, 50 109/ / ( >38 0,5 109/) , . 0,5 109/ 100 109/ , . 3 ( /) 25%. 4 . . , .

, . , , , , . -, , 12 24 . , 4 . , 3- .

200 . . (, ). , 3n , n, . , - , , , . , 23 , , 25% . -. 100 , . , , . ( ) . , StatXact 3 Windows (Cytel Software Corp., , ). , -, S-PLUS, 3.3 Windows (StatSci, , ). , , 20 1997 . . 95%- - . - - ( S-PLUS, 3.3 Windows). - , , - ( StatXact 3 Windows). : , , , ( ) ( ). , . ECOG, , , , , . ( LogXact Windows, Cytel) (SPSS Advanced Statistics 7.5, SPSS Inc., , ). . , . ( , , , /, , ), , , 1 3. [46].

17 , , 209 : 107 , 102 CMFP. 54 ( 36 73 , CMFP 32 80 ). 1. 31% 40% CMFP ECOG, 0. 21% 33% CMFP . 9-12 , , 12 , . , , 77% , CMFP, . 1993 ., 26 ( 17 40 ). CMFP , . , 5%, 23% 32% CMFP. 9% ≥1 , 34% CMFP. 52% CMFP 24 .

1.

  (n=107) (n=102)
ECOG
     
     
     
*
/    
   
   
   
   
/    
   
/    
   
/    
   
,
≤3    
>3    
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
CMF () ()    
CMF ()    
   
   
   
   
   

* , .

2% 6% CMFP. 27% 29% CMFP. CMFP 29% (95%- 21% 39%) 35% (95%- 26 45%), ( =0,37; 2). 37% , , 32% , CMFP. , . , , ( =0,008). ( =0,44), . . CMFP, CMFP, , ( =0,66). 4% , , 3% , CMFP, . 5,3 (95%- 4,1 5,6 ), 15% 1 3% 2 . CMFP 6,4 (95%- 5,2 7,8 ), 17% 1 5% 2 . ( =0,25; . 2 2). , , , ECOG, 0 ( =0,024), , 3 ( =0,002), .

2.

  (n=107) CMFP (n=102)  
  % 95%- % 95%-
(+)   21-39   26-45 0,37
() 5,3 4,1-5,5 6,4 5,2-7,8   0,25
1   8-22   9-24
2   0-8   1-9
() 17,3 12,6-21,4 13,9 11,4-16,5   0,068
1   52-70   45-65
2   29-48   12-29

, , ( =0,23). 30% , CMFP 20%. 17,3 (95%- 12,6 21,4) , 61% 1 39% 2 . CMFP 13,9 (95%- 11,4 16,5 ), 55% 1 20% 2 . (=0,068; . 3 2). , , , ECOG 0 ( =0,002), ( =0,0003) , , 3 ( =0,002), . , ECOG, 0, , 20,0 12,6 1 2. ( 3). CMFP (=0,025). .

3. ,

≤3 >3 2,0 1,4-2,8 <0,0001
ECOG 1-2   2,0 1,4-2,8 0,0001
2,0 1,3-2,9 0,0003
CMFP 0,7 0,5-1,0 0,025

, , , CMFP ( 4). / 10% 27% CMFP ( =0,001). 1,5 4,4 CMFP ( =0,0006). 1,6% 8,2% CMFP / . , / CMFP ( <0,0001). 3 9% , 1% 4. , . . . , . ( ) , CMFP, ( >0,07 ; . 4). , , 31 , CMFP, ( 5). (43 ; 39 CMFP). 33% 21% CMFP. , , 13,3 , , , CMFP, 5,5 . , .

4.

  %  
           
          <0,0001
CMFP            
          0,91
CMFP            
          <0,0001
CMFP            
/
          0,0032
CMFP            
           
CMFP           0,0002
           
CMFP           <0,0001
/
           
CMFP           <0,0001
        -  
CMFP         - <0,0001
          0,0006
CMFP            
          0,0069
CMFP            

5. *

 
  % (n=105) % CMFP (n=99)
   
   
   
CMFP    
   
   

* , .

, , CMFP, . , , 3- . CMFP , , . , 95%- CMFP , 26 45%. , , . , CMFP , [2-4, 6-14]. , ( =0,068). , , , , , . , , , ( =0,025). , 17,3 13,9 CMFP, (/CMFP) 0,70 . , 2 19%. , . , . . , , , CMFP. , CMFP , . , , , . , . , 3 4 10% . , . , , . , CMFP. CMFP , [47-49]. Sledge . [48] ECOG , 175 /2 24 , + , . 34%, 6 . . ECOG , , , . . Gianni . [50] 41% , /, , 94%, 11 . II ≥58% [47, 51, 52]. ECOG / 47%, 6% , 8 [48]. ECOG . (EORTC) , , . ECOG EORTC , , . , , . , , ! CMFP! . . Bonadonna . [53] CMF CMF ( ). , , , [54-57]. , CMFP , . , CMFP. , , . CALGB, / [58]. . CMFP , . , CMFP; , , , .


1. Boring CC, Squires TS, Long T: Cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 42:19-38, 1992
2. Brambilla C, DeLena M, Rossi A, et al: Response and survival in advanced breast cancer after two non-cross-resistant combinations. BMJ 1:801-804, 1976
3. Canellos GP, Pocock SJ, Taylor SG, et al: Combination chemotherapy for metastatic breast carcinoma. Cancer 38:1882-1886, 1976
4. Tranum , Hoogstraten , Kennedy A, et al: Adriamycin in combination for the treatment of breast cancer. Cancer 41:2078-2083, 1978
5. Cooper RG: Combination chemotherapy in hormone resistant breast cancer. Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res 10:15, 1969 (abstr)
6. Muss HB, White DR, Cooper MR, et al: Combination chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer: A randomized trial comparing a three- vs a five-drug program. Arch Intern Med 137:1711-1714, 1977
7. Smalley RV, Murphy S, Huguley CM, et al: Combination versus sequential five-drug chemotherapy in metastatic carcinoma of the breast. CancerRes36:3911-3916, 1976
8. Hoogstraten , George SL, Samal B, et al: Combination chemotherapy and Adriamycin in patients with advanced breast cancer: A Southwest Oncology Group study. Cancer 38:13-20, 1976
9. Cebon JS, Bishop JF, Harvey V, et al: Dose-intense weekly cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, vincristine and prednisolone (CMFP) in advanced breast cancer. Br J Cancer 61:133-136, 1990
10. Canellos GP, DeVita VT, Gold GL, et al: Combination chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer: Response and effect on survival. Ann Intern Med 84:389-392, 1976
11. Cummings FJ, Gelman R, Horton J: Comparison ofCAF versus CMFP in metastatic breast cancer: Analysis of prognostic factors. J Clin Oncol 3:932-940, 1985
12. Coates A. Gebski V. Bishop JF.etal: Improving the quality of life during chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer: A comparison of intermittent and continuous treatment strategies. N Engl J Med 317:1490-1495,1987
13. Aisner J, Weinberg V, Perloff M, et al: Chemotherapy vs chemoimmunotherapy (CAP v CAFVP v CMF each MER) for metastatic carcinoma of the breast: A CALGB study. J Clin Oncol 5:1523-1533, 1987
14. Creech RH, Catalano RB, Mastrangelo MJ, et al: An effective low-dose intermittent cyclophosphamide, methotrexate. and 5-fluorouracil treatment regimen for metastatic breast cancer. Cancer 35:1101-1107,1975
15. Carbone PP, Bauer M, Band P, et al: Chemotherapy of disseminated breast cancer. Cancer 39:2916-2922, 1977
16. Tormey DC, Gelman R, Band PR, et al: Comparison of induction chemotherapies for metastatic breast cancer. Cancer 50:1235-1244, 1982
17. Henderson IC: Principles in the management of metastatic disease, in Harris JR, Hellman S, Henderson IC, et al (eds): Breast Diseases. Philadelphia, PA, Lippincott, 1992, pp 604-673
18. Bull JM. Tormey DC, Li S-H, et al: A randomized comparative trial of Adriamycin versus methotrexate in combination drug therapy. Cancer 41:1649-1657,1978
19. Muss HB, White DR, Richards F II, et al: Adriamycin versus methotrexate in five-drug combination chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer. Cancer 42:2141-2148, 1978
20. Bezwoda WR, de Moor NO, Derman D, et al: Combination chemotherapy of metastatic breast cancer. Cancer 44:392-397, 1979
21. Tormey DC, Weinberg VE, Holland JF, et al: A randomized trial of five and three drug chemotherapy and chemoimmunotherapy in women with operable node positive breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 1:138-145,1983
22. Brincker H, Rose , von der Maase H, et al: A randomized study of CAF + (tamoxifen) versus CMF + in metastatic breast cancer. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 3:113, 1984 (abstr)
23. Tormey DC, Weinberg VE, Leone LA, et al: A comparison of intermittent vs continuous and of Adriamycin vs methotrexate 5-drug chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer. Am J Clin Oncol 7:231-239, 1984
24. Fossati R, Confalonieri C. Tom V, et al: Cytotoxic and hormonal treatment for metastatic breast cancer: A systematic review of published randomized trials involving 31,510 women. J Clin Oncol 16:3439-3460,1998
25. Horwitz SB: Mechanism of action of Taxol. Trends Pharmacol Sci 13:134-136, 1992
26. Rao S, Horwitz SB, Ringel 1: Direct photoaffinity labelling of tubulin with Taxol. J Natl Cancer Inst 84:785-788. 1992
27. Rowinsky EK, Burke PJ, Karp JE, et al: Phase 1 and pharmacodynamic study of Taxol in refractory acute leukemias. Cancer Res 49:4640-4647, 1989
28. Holmes FA, Walters RS, Theriault RL, et al: Phase II trial of Taxol. an active drug in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 83:1797-1805, 1991
29. O'Shaughnessy JA, Cowan KH: Current status of paclitaxel in the treatment of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 33:27-37, 1995
30. Seidman AD, Reichman BS. Crown JPA. et al: Paclitaxel as second and subsequent therapy for metastatic breast cancer: Activity independent of prior anthracycline response. J Clin Oncol 13:1152-1159,1995
31. Gianni L, Capri G. Munzone E, et al: Paclitaxel (Taxol) efficacy in patients with advanced breast cancer resistant to anthracyclines. Semin Oncol 21:29-33. 1994 (Suppl 8)
32. Wilson WH, Berg SL, Bryant G. et al: Paclitaxel in doxorubicin-refractory or mitoxantrone-refractory breast cancer: A phase 1/11 trial of 96-hour infusion. J Clin Oncol 12:1621-1629, 1994
33. Gelmon , Nabholtz JM, Bontenbal M: Randomized trial of two doses of paclitaxel in metastatic breast cancer after failure of standard therapy. Ann Oncol 5:198-201, 1994 (Suppl 5)
34. Eisenhauer EA, ten Bokkel Huinink WW, Swenerton KD, et al: European-Canadian randomized trial of paclitaxel in relapsed ovarian cancer: High-dose versus low-dose and long versus short infusion. J Clin Oncol 12:2654-2666, 1994
35. Schiller JH, Storer B, Tutsch K. et al: A phase I trial of 3-hour usions of paclitaxel (Taxol) with or without granulocyte colony stimulating factor. Semin Oncol 21:9-14, 1994(,suppl 8)
36. Greco FA, Hainsworth JD: One-hour paclitaxel infusion schedule: A phase I/II comparative trial. Semin Oncol 22:118-123. 1995 (Suppl. 6)
37. Michael M, Bishop JF. Levi JA, et al: Australian multicentre Phase II trial of paclitaxel in women with metastatic breast cancer and or chemotherapy. Med J Aust 166:520-523. 1997
38. Rischin D, Webster LK, Millward MJ, et al: Cremophor pharmacokinetics in patients receiving 3-, 6- and 24-hour infusions of rlitaxel. J Natl Cancer Inst 88:1297-1301, 1996
39. Holmes FA, Valero V, BuzdarAU, et al: Final results: Randomized phase III trial of paclitaxel by 3 hour versus 96 hour infusion in patients (pt) with met breast cancer (MBC). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol:110a. 1998 (abstr 426)
40. Holmes FA, Walters RS, Theriault RL, et al: Phase II trial of Taxol, an active drug in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 83:1797-1805,!991
41. Reichman BS, Seidman AD, Crown JPA, et al: Paclitaxel and recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as initial chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 11:1943-1951, 93
42. Nabholtz JM. Gelmon . Bontenbal M, et al: Multicenter. randomized comparative study of two doses of paclitaxel in patients th metastatic breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 14:1858-1867, 1996
43. Miller AB, Hoogstraten B, Staquet M, etal: Reporting results of cancer treament. Cancer 47:207-214. 1981
44. Therapeutic Goods Administration: Guidelines for Good Clinical Research Practice (GCRP) in Australia. Canberra. Australia, Commonwealth Government Publisher, 1981
45. Spitzer WO, Dobson AJ, Hall J, et al: Measuring the quality of life of cancer patients: A concise QL-index for use by physicians. J Chron Dis 34:585-597, 1981
46. Matthews JNS. Altman DG, Campbell MJ, et al: Analysis of serial measurements in medical research. BMJ 300:230-235. 1990
47. Sledge GW. Robert N. Sparano JA. et al: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group studies of paclitaxel and doxorubicin in advanced breast cancer. Semin Oncol 22:105-108, 1995 (Suppl 6)
48. Sledge GW, Neuberg D. Ingle J, et al: Phase III trial of doxorubicin vs. paclitaxel vs. doxorubicin + paclitaxel as first-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer: An intergroup trial. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 16:la. 1997 (abstr)
49. Gamucci T. Piccart M, Bruning P, et al: An EORTC crossover trial comparing singleagent Taxol and doxorubicin as first- and second-line chemotherapy in advanced breast cancer. Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 16:154a, 1997 (abstr)
50. Gianni L, Munzone E. Capri G, et al: Paclitaxel by 3-hour infusion in combination with bolus doxorubicin in women with untreated metastatic breast cancer: High antitumor efficacy and cardiac effects in a dose-finding and sequence-finding study. J Clin Oncol 13:2688-2699, 1995
51. Hortobagyi GN, Holmes FA: Optimal dosing of paclitaxel and doxorubicin in metastatic breast cancer. Semin Oncol 24:4-7, 1997 (Suppl 3)
52. Gehl J, Boesgaard M, Paaske T, et al: Paclitaxel and doxorubicin in metastatic breast cancer. Semin Oncol 23:35-38, 1996 (Suppl 15)
53. Bonadonna G. Zambetti M, Valagussa P: Sequential or alternating doxorubicin and CMF regimens in breast cancer with more than 3 positive nodes: Ten year results. JAMA 273:542- 547, 1995
54. Norton L, Simon R: The Norton-Simon hypothesis revisited. Cancer Treat Rep 70:163- 169. 1986
55. Norton L: A Gompertzian model of human breast cancer growth. Cancer Res 48:7067- 7071. 1988
56. Surbone A, Norton L: Kinetic concepts in the treatment of breast cancer. Ann NYAcad Sci 698:48-62, 1993
57. Hudis . Seidman A, Raptis G, et al: Sequential adjuvant therapy: The Memorial Sloan- Kettering Cancer Center Experience. Semin Oncol 23:58-64. 1996 (Suppl 1)
58. Henderson IC. Berry D. Demetri G. et al: Improved disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) from the addition of sequential paclitaxel (T) but not from the escalation of doxorubicin (A) dose level in the adjuvant chemotherapy of patients (pts) with node-positive primary breast cancer (). Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol 17:101a, 1998 (abstr 390A)

. 1.

. 2.

. 3.

. 4.



<== | ==>
| 2011
:


: 2017-01-28; !; : 350 |


:

:

, .
==> ...

1625 - | 1387 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.042 .