Acute Appendicitis
Acute appendicitis is known to occur in all age groups. Its incidence varies in different sex groups: it is more frequent in women from 20 to 40 years of age. Cases of appendicitis have been noted to occur even in infants and in very old age.
Acute appendicitis is known to begin suddenly with sharp pain which is at first felt in epigastria but then becomes generalized in the abdomen. The pain becomes worse on deep breathing in and coughing. It does not radiate and is accompanied by nausea, retention of stools and gases.
The temperature is normal or sub febrile and there are moderate leucocytes. The ESR is initially normal. With the development of him disease temperature elevation is observed and ESR becomes increased. The pulse is quick but it is found to be not more than 90-100 beats per minute. The tongue is coated and dry.
The attack of acute appendicitis is known to last for 3-4 days. Then the temperature returns to normal, abdominal pains decrease and only a moderate tenderness is felt in the right lower part of the abdomen on palpation.
Acute appendicitis is treated surgically. The operation is performed both under general and under local anesthesia.
The appendix is removed immediately to prevent its rupture which may result in peritonitis. Such forms of appendicitis as gangrenous and perforating are particularly dangerous to life. But sometimes even a mild form of appendicitis may take a sever course and to result in perforation.
ә ң ө:
appendicitis
appendage
surgeon
laxative ө (ә )
purgativ ғ , ө
ққ .
ә ұ .
1) ұ (Regular Verbs) - қ қ ә ө ү
ү -ed ғң ғ қ ө ғ .
to work- I worked, to play - he played
ғң қғ қ :
- қң , [t] ғ .
Ask asked, smoke smoked.
- ұң , [d] ғ :
Rain rained, play played, answer answered.
- ө [t] [d] қ , [id] ғ :
Start started, decide decided.
y ә қ , i
ә ө:
Try tried, cry cried.
, ү ғ ұғ, ғ ғ қ , ұ қ, .
Stop stopped, plan planned.
2) ұ (Irregular Verbs) - ө ғ ү
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ө ә қ қ .
to go - went, to build - built Past Simple ғ ө ө
қ: last month - ө , last week - ө , last Saturday -
, last time - ңғ , last night - ө ү, two days ago - ү
ұ, yesterday - , the day before yesterday - ңғ ү.
ө қ ә ұ ү ө to do
- (did қ қ, ә ө ү) ә ұқ ғ
ң ө , қ to-
қ.
Did you measure the water level?
ң ң өң ?
Yes, we did. ә.
No, we didn 't. қ.
ү not ө ә ң ұ.
We did not measure the water level.
ң ң ө.
(1-, 2- 3- )
be - was, were - been -
become - became - become -
begin - began - begun -
break - broke - broken -
bring - brought - brought -
build - built - built -
buy - bought - bought -
catch - caught - caught -
choose - chose - chosen -
come - came - come -
cut - cut - cut -
do - did - done -
drink - drank - drunk -
drive - drove - driven -
eat - ate - eaten -
find - found - found -
fly - flew - flown -
forget - forgot - forgotten -
freeze - froze - frozen -
get - got - got -
give - gave - given -
go - went - gone -
have - had - had -
hear - heard - heard -
know - knew - known -
lie - lay - lain -
leave - left - left -
lose - lost - lost -
make - made - made - ,
meet - met - met -
pay - paid - paid -
put - put - put -
read - read - read -
ring - rang - rung -
run - ran - run -
say - said - said -
see - saw - seen -
sell - sold - sold -
send - sent - sent -
sing - sang - sung -
sit - sat - sat -
sleep - slept - slept -
speak - spoke - spoken -
spend - spent - spent - ,
stand - stood - stood -
swim - swam - swum -
take - took - taken -
teach - taught - taught -
tell - told - told -
think - thought - thought -
understand - understood - understood -
win - won - won -
write - wrote written-
Exercise: Irregular Verbs.
1. Put missing forms of irregular verbs.
II III
Eg: be was/were been
become became become
began
break
brought brought
buy
choose chosen
cost
cut
drink drank
drove
eat
fallen
feel
forgot
go
hide
hurt
known
leave
lose lost
met
put
read
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run ran
see
sold
sang
speak
spent spent
swam
taught taught
think
understood
win won
written
