1. / ( ).
2. u (i) u (i), + u (i) u (i).
3. u (i), u (t), i (t), U m, u (t)= U m sin t .
4. + u (i) u (i) . 2; , , +E E . 2.
5. u (i) u (i) . 2, u (i) , u (i) .
6. u (t)= U m sin t, .5 u (t).
7. u (t) i (t) . u (t) t 1, u (t 1), u (i) u (i) u (t 1) i (t 1). u (t) i (t) t = t 1. t 2, t 3 .. u (t) i (t). t 1, t 2, t 3 .. u (i) u (i) (, , ) u (t).
8. u (u ). , u U m + U m.
()
1. u (t) ( ) i (t) ( u ).
2. ( 2 , 3).
3. , (, ( ) ).
4. , , u = u . ( u < 0) , ( , ).
5. i (t) ( ) u (t), . . 4, , .
6. i (t), u (t) u (u ). , u U m + U m.