, (threads) (LWP, Light Weight Process). L, ps fLC swriter.bin writer Open Office. , audacity soffice.bin, ( Windows). , l .
lsof (List open files) . - .
, ,
lsof -u _
lsof c . lsof /bin/bash
free
. m.
df ( ). h .
du , .
1.2 /proc
Linux /proc. /proc , ( /proc). , ( ) . /proc , .
/proc . - , , , , . "ls -l" , , , . ? - /proc VFS (Virtual File System layer). /, /proc / , .
/, , . , (top, ps . .), / - , , , , /.
|
|
/proc/sys. .
, :
1. cmdline: (-) , . : , . , : perl -ple 's,\00,,g' cmdline.
2. cwd: ( ).
3. environ: , , =. cmdline : , . : perl -pl -e 's,\00,\n,g' environ.
4. exe: , .
5. fd: , .
6. maps: ( cat, ), , . ( ): , ; , ; , ; ( ) , ; inode ; , , .
7. root: , . /.
8. status: : , , PID PPID, UID GID, .
fd 127, :
ls -l fd total 0 lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Dec 16 22:04 0 -> /dev/console l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Dec 16 22:04 1 -> pipe:[128] l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Dec 16 22:04 2 -> pipe:[129] l-wx------ 1 root root 64 Dec 16 22:04 21 -> pipe:[130] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Dec 16 22:04 3 -> /dev/apm_bios lr-x------ 1 root root 64 Dec 16 22:04 7 -> pipe:[130] lrwx------ 1 root root 64 Dec 16 22:04 9 -> /dev/console |
, . , - , , .
6.2.
, , / .
/r, ls -d [a-z]* :
|
|
acpi
asound
buddyinfo
bus
cmdline
cpuinfo
crypto
devices
diskstats
dma
driver
execdomains
fb
filesystems
fs
ide
interrupts
iomem
ioports
irq
kallsyms
kcore
keys
key-users
kmsg
loadavg
locks
mdstat
meminfo
misc
modules
mounts
net
partitions
schedstat
self
slabinfo
stat
swaps
sys
sysrq-trigger
sysvipc
tty
uptime
version
vmstat
zoneinfo
, //interrupts , , , .
/proc:
cpuinfo: , , . :
cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor: 0
vendor_id: GenuineIntel
cpu family: 6
model: 8
model name: Pentium III (Coppermine)
stepping: 6
cpu MHz: 1000.119
cache size: 256 KB
fdiv_bug: no
hlt_bug: no
sep_bug: no
f00f_bug: no
coma_bug: no
fpu: yes
fpu_exception: yes
cpuid level: 2
wp: yes
flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca
cmov pat pse36 mmx fxsr xmm
bogomips: 1998.85
processor: 3
vendor_id: GenuineIntel
cpu family: 6
model: 8
model name: Pentium III (Coppermine)
stepping: 6
cpu MHz: 1000.119
cache size: 256 KB
fdiv_bug: no
hlt_bug: no
sep_bug: no
f00f_bug: no
coma_bug: no
fpu: yes
fpu_exception: yes
cpuid level: 2
wp: yes
flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca
cmov pat pse36 mmx fxsr xmm
bogomips: 1992.29
modules: , , . lsmod, ,
meminf: . free , .
bus: , . , .
acpi: , , , .
6.3.
/proc/sys - , , /, , root'a.
C , .
2.
1. .
2. .
3. top 5 , .
4. 2 , . l.
5. top, 2 .
6. aa
7.
8. .
9. - , /proc
10. , /proc
11. , .
3.
. :
1. 1- 11 ( ) Linux.
4.
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- .
- .
- Linux.
- .
- .
- .
- : , ?
- top.
- , /proc?
- .
- .
- /proc