10 A(n x m).
writeln('Enter matrix ');
for I:= 1 to n do { }
Begin
for j:= 1 to m do { }
read(a[i, j]);
readln;{ }
end;
<Enter>.
. A(NxM) .
{ }
S:=0;
for i:= 1 to N do S:=S+A[I,1]
Max:=S;{ }
J_max:=1;{ }
for J:=2 to M do { }
Begin
S:=0;{ J-}
for I:=1 to n do S:=S+A[I,J];
Ifs> max then
Begin
Max:=s:J_max:= j;
end;
end;
writeln(' ',max,' ',j_max);
:
1)
2) , , , , , , .
3) , .
4) , , , , .
:
<>:<>=(< >);
. <> .
: .
Const
N=6;
Type
T_array = array [1..n] of real;
Const
A:T_array= (13.43,0.0,-1.0,10.0,-13.8,6.0);
:
< >:<>=((< 1 >),.., (< >))
. , ..
array [1..n] of array [1..M].
: A(4x4).
array [1..n] of array [1..M].
Const
n=4;
Type
T_matr= array [1..n,1..n] of byte;
Const
a:t_matr=(.....)
TP
1) ,
2) Const, ,
, .
3){$R+} ( )
{$R-} ( ).
Var A:array[0..9] of integer
|
|
|
B:=A[10]
B:=A[i+1] ,
I=10
B:A[11] .
.
string.
Var
1)s:string;
2)s:string[n];
S[0]- .
Ord(S[0]) .
1) S:=ABCDEF; s:ABCDFG;
2) : s[i]
3)S:=< >;
4) + s:=s1+s2;
Var
s:string;
s1,s2: string[7];
Begin
s1:='123456';
s2:='ABCDEF';
s:=s1+s2;
(s:='123456ABCD')
128 , Readln(S),
S 127 .
1)k:=length(s); k:(byte)
2)s:=concat(s1,s2,s3....sn);
3)s1:=copy(s,n,m); { }
s:='Turbo Pascal7';
s1:=copy(s,7,6); s:='Pascal';
4) S1 S: pos(s1,s);
.
1) S : delete(s,n,m)
2) S1 s n insert(s,n,m)
3) x S str(x,s)
4) S x val(s,x,k) k k = 0 k= .
, (.. ) +, , .. .
: . , , . (). , 0.
.
1) .
2).
3).
:
. .
: .
. .
.
**. .
{}
procedure < >(< >);
{ }
< ,,,, >
{ }
Begin
<>
end;
, :
< >(< >);
.
, , , .
(, , , ) , . , .
|
|
|
**, , , , .
** , , , , , .
, , .
. , .
, .. , ( ). , .
**, , ( ) , .
** , .. , .
** , . ; , . .
** , . .
.
1) . -.
2) .
, , .
.
1) ( ), () (A,B,C:<1>; E,P:<2>;)
2) - () (var A,B,C: <1>;.)
3) -const (const A,B,C:<1>;)
, string, file.
, .
4) (var A,B,C..)
5) ( ) (var A:array of < >;.)
6) (var S:openstring;.)
7) .
.
(64).
. , . .. . (65520 )
: a(5,6) & b(3,8) .
program ex1;
Const
m = 8;
n = 5;
Type
matr = array [1..n, 1..m] of real;
vek = array [1..n] of real;
Var
a, b: matr;
va, vb: vek;
procedure enter(var c: matr; k, p: byte);
Var
i, j: byte;
Begin
writeln('enter array');
for i:= 1 to k do
Begin
for j:= 1 to p do
read(c[i, j]);
readln;
end;
end;
procedure sum(var c: matr; k, p: byte; var vc: vek);
|
|
|
Var
i, j: byte;
s: real;
Begin
for i:= 1 to k do
Begin
s:= 0;
for j:= 1 to p do
if c[i, j] > 0 then s:= s + c[i, j];
vc[i]:= s;
end;
end;
procedure out (var vc: vek; k: byte);
Var
i: byte;
Begin
write('sum');
for i:= 1 to k do
write(vc[i],' ');
end;
Begin
enter(a, 5, 6);
enter(b, 3, 8);
sum(a, 5, 6, va);
sum(b, 4, 8, vb);
out (va, 5);
out (vb, 3);
end.
- - .
1) -, . . ; , . , , . , .
.
. var ( ) .
2) -, :
Const, , . ( ) . . . .
.
program pp;
Var
x, y, z: real;
procedure p(var a: real; b: real);
Var
z: real;
Begin
z:= a;
a:= b;
b:= z;
end;
procedure q(var a: real; b: real);
Begin
z:= a;
a:= b;
b:= z;
end;
Begin
x:= 1.1;
y:= 2.2;
z:= 3.3;
p(x, y);
writeln(x,' ', y,' ', z);
x:= 1.1;
y:= 2.2;
z:= 3.3;
q(x, y);
writeln(x,' ', y,' ', z);
end.
() .
, .
. .
{}
Function< >(< >):< >;
{ }
< , , , , >
{ }
Begin
<>
< >:=<>
End;
< >::=< >< >
, . :
< >::=< >(< >)
program m1;
Const
n = 20;
Type
vek = array [1..n] of integer;
|
|
|
Var
x, y: vek;
u: integer;
procedure wwod(var c: vek);
Var
i: byte;
Begin
for i:= 1 to n do
read(c[i]);
readln;
end;
function spr(k, m: byte; var p, q: vek): integer;
Var
s: integer;
i: byte;
Begin
s:= 0;
for i:= k to m do
s:= s + p[i] * q[i];
spr:= s;
end;
Begin
wwod(x);
wwod(y);
if spr(1, 15, x, y) > 0 then u:= spr(1, 20, x, y)
else u:= spr(10, 20, y, y);
writeln('u=', u);
end.
.
Turbo Pascal , .
.. , .
, .
type { }
PROC = procedure (<' '>);
PP = Procedure;
{ }
FUN = function (<' '>):<' .'>;
. , .
1) , type.
2) , .
3) .
Type
op= function (x,y:real):real;
Var
proces:op;
function sum(a,b:real):real;
far;
Begin
sum:=a+b;
end;
function delen(a,b:real):real;
far;
Begin
delen:=a/b;
end;
begin....
if vslov then proces:=sum
else proces:=delen;
write(proces(25.2,2.5+x));
....
end.
proces(25.2,2.5+x) , proces.
.
.
, a b h. F1=x^4+x^2; f2=sinx*cosx;
program ex1;
Type
fan= function (x:real):real;
{$F+} -// .
function f2(x:real):real; far
Begin
f2:=sin(x)+cos(x);
end;
function f1(x:real):real; far;
Begin
f1:=sqr(sqr(x))+sqr(x);
end;
{$F-}
procedure TAB(f:fan; a,b,h:real);
Var
x:real;
l,n:word;
Begin
n:=round((a-b)/h);
x:=a;
for i:=0 to n do
Begin
writeln(x:12.f(x):14);
x:=x+h;
end;
end;
{main programm}
Begin
......
TAB(f2,0,1,0.1);
TAB(f1,5,7,0.1);
......
end.
.
. , .
, . , . ( ) , ; .
, , , . , .
.
2: .
WhileN<>0 do
Begin
write(N mod 10);
N:=N div 10;
end;
{ }
procedure REVERS(N:word);
Begin
IfN<>0 then begin
write(n mod 10);
REVERS()n div 10);
end;
end;
3:
, . .
_______________________________________
.
: 256 . . [1,2,.n-].
.
:
1) const, .
2) .
:
|
|
|
Var
: set of ;
, .
, :
Type
t_ch = set of char;
Var
ch1, ch2: t_ch;
:
Type
week_days = (Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri);
Var
work_days: set of week_days;
lett: set of 'A'..'Z';
- .
A:=S
.
, +,-,*.
A B (A + B) , , A B, .
Var
chs1, chs2, chs3: set of char;
Begin
chs1:= ['a', 'b', 'd'];
chs2:= ['m', 'd', 'e'];
chs3:= chs1 + chs2 + ['k', 'n'];
end.
: chs3 = ['a', 'b', 'd', 'm', 'e', 'k', 'n'].
A B (A * B) , , A B.
chs3:= chs1 * chs2;
: chs3 = ['d'].
A B (A B) , A, B.
chs1:= ['a', 'e', 't'];
chs2:= chs1 ['e'] { ['a', 't'] }
chs3:= ['m', 'n', 't'] chs2 { ['m', 'n'] }
:
1)*
2)+ -
.
A: = A + [x]
.
A:= A [x]
: =, <>, >=, <=.
A B (A = B), A B .
A B (A <> B), .
A B (A <= B, B >= A), A B.
, . in. A , x (, ) . x in A , x A.
, in true false.
:
1. *
2. +, -
3. =, <>, <=, >=, in
.
. .
:
A:=[ ];
A:=A+[x];
, , -, .
, . :
Type
week_days = (Mon, Tue, Wed, Thu, Fri);
Var
work_days: set of week_days;
lett: set of 'A'..'Z';
Begin
work_days:= [Mon, Wed, Thu];
lett:= ['C', 'E'..'M', 'Z']
end.
, , .
, , ( -). , :
work_days:= [ ];
, . :
const lett: set of [''..''] = ['', '', '', '', '', '', '', '', ''];
, , , .
, , . , ch1 ch2 char, :
ch1:= 'A';
ch2:= 'K';
chs:= [ch1, ch2, 'M'];
['A', 'K', 'M'].
. - . .
.
: . . . .
. , .(. exe). :
1)
2)
3)
4)
:
.
, .
:
unit <name>;
Interface
< >
{ Const,type, procedure-name,}
Implementation
< >
{Const,type,, ,procedure 2 }
Begin
, .
end.
begin .
. uses < >. uses .
.
unit compl;
Interface
Type
complex = record
re, im: real;
end;
procedure readc(var c: complex);
procedure addc(c1, c2: complex; var s: complex);
Implementation
procedure readc(var c: complex);
Begin
writeln('enter realpart');
read(c.re);
writeln('enter image part');
read(c.im);
end;
procedure addc(c1,c2:complex; var s:complex);
end.
.
PAS . compile /destination disk. compile make build.
F , . T. : 2 , 2 .
