, , . . : U=(UrR)/(RR+Rr-r2)
.. U=f(r) R. R>>R , U=(U/R)r;
R R , (2/3))l. R/R=10100. x=(2/3)l : E=4/27η, η=R/R - .
a - , - )
17) . . .
:( , ( ).
. .
, .
. ( ) 1 2 , (. 2-4). , , , , . δ ( ) S ( ).
R R. :
R = L/(m/S),
L - ; S ; m .
:
R = 2δ/(μS), δ ; μ - ; S - . μ>>μ, R0. :
R ≈ R = 2δ/(;μSr)
, ,
|
|
= Iω/R
I - ; w - ,w - .
( ):
L = ω/I = [ω2/2δ]μS
(2-1) ( d, S) .
L=f(x) (. 2-5, 1) (δ > 1 ) . - 1 , , 0,2 .
L=f(S) , 8 , - 0,3 (. 2-5, 2). L : L = ωL, ω - . , : Z = √R*2+XL*2, Ra - .
I, U, ( ). ( ):
x↑ → δ↑ → Rm↑ → ↓ → L↓ → Xl↓ → Z↓ → I↑
, , ( ), . , , , . .
18)- . . .
: (́ , ( ) .
() .
() , .
.
( ) .
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|
, .
.
( ) . 90 , ( ) , , (, , , /).
19)
:(
20). . . .
:( . , S (. . 5.24). S :
(5.49)
US0 = ES0 = k sin θ; UC0 = EC0 = k cos θ,
.. . ,
. 5.26. |
.
S Z S,
(5.50)
ÍS = ÉS /(ZS + ZS),
Z S S, .
I S F S. . 5.26, S, : FSd = FS sin θ FSq = FS cos θ. F Sd , F , , F Sd.
d S
(5.51)
ESd = kE sinθ.
F Sq q. q S , ,
(5.52)
ESq = 4,44f1 w2 ko62 qm cos θ = CFS cos2 θ,
.
, , θ, , θ. . q E Cq, θ, .
, q, , . . . : ( ) ( ).
. 5.27. - , |
. , , Z (. 5.27, ). , , F , , F S, (. 5.27,): Fd = F cos θ FCq = F sin θ. F Cd F Sd, a F Cq F Sq. F Cq = F Sq q = 0. , , . Z , ,
|
|
(5.53)
FS cos θ = FC sin θ
F S F C
(5.54)
ZS + ZS = ZC + ZC,
. . S , . . . ; , I , F́2d = F́Sd + F́Cd ( I ) θ:
F́2d = F́S sin θ + F́C cos θ = |
| sin θ + |
| cos θ = |
| É, |
Z 2 = Z S = Z C ; Z = Z S = Z C.
.
, .
. , , S (. 5.28, ), - Z K .
(5.55)
Fq = FSq + FK,
F K , .
q , F́ K F́ Sq , Fq, ,
, 5.28. - |
F Sq. q . , , F K F Sq, . . θ I Ú É . Ú S Ú C . (. 5.28,). q , . , , . 5.28,, -.
21) . . .
: , . .
. , , . W=. , , , U~, - W~ , Z~. .
|
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I, (- W=), . , . , .
, . , . , , ( ), , .
, - .
10−19 | ? | |
500 | 10 | |
- 1 | 106 | 106 |
0 500 | ( −40 +80), | |
3 |
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( ), , , -1 . . -70 . . [1][2][3] .
- , . , , .
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22)