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Born: about 520 BC in Shalatula (near Attock), now Pakistan Died: about 460 BC in India




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Panini: patronymic meaning "descendant of Paṇi

Pāṇini
Born 4th century BC Gandhara
Region Indian philosophy
Main interests Sanskrit grammar
Books Ashtadhyayi (lit. "Eight Chapters"), the earliest known treatise on descriptive linguistics, that defines Classical Sanskrit

Born: about 520 BC in Shalatula (near Attock), now Pakistan Died: about 460 BC in India

 

Panini was born in Shalatula, a town near to Attock on the Indus river in present day Pakistan. The dates given for Panini are PURE GUESSES. Experts give dates in the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th century BC.

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Pāṇini is known for his Sanskrit grammar, particularly for his formulation of the 3,959 rules of Sanskrit morphology, syntax and semantics in the grammar known as Ashtadhyayi (meaning "eight chapters"),

 

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The Ashtadhyayi is one of the earliest known grammars of Sanskrit, although Pāṇini refers to PREVIOUS texts like:

- the Unadisutra,

- the Dhatupatha, and

- the Ganapatha.

It is the earliest known work on descriptive linguistics, and together with the work of his immediate PREDECESSORS (Nirukta, Nighantu, Pratishakyas) stands at the beginning of the history of linguistics itself.

His theory of morphological analysis was MORE ADVANCED than any equivalent Western theory before the mid 20th century. His analysis of noun compounds still forms the basis of modern linguistic theories of compounding.

 

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