XML , XML. XML, http:/www/w3.org/TR/REC-xml. XML, , (well-formed) .
XML:
1) , , .
2) . , XML .
:
: | : |
<Name></name> | <name></name> |
3) .
:
: | : |
<name><b> </name></b> | <name><b> </b></name> |
4) < > . xml ( ). , .
5) . . .
6) , , , , < ( <).
XML-, . XML- (XML ) "" , , ( ), (valid).
(validation) XML . (DTD) (XDR, XSD .). DTD- , DTD XML- ( log.XML DTD filename.dtd):
<!DOCTYPE log SYSTEM "filename.dtd">
, DTD filename.dtd XML- (log.xml) SYSTEM, PUBLIC. PUBLIC , DTD- , . DTD- , SYSTEM.
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DTD- filename.dtd:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding=" WINDOWS-1251"?>
<!DOCTYPE log
[
<!ELEMENT log (event)+>
<!ELEMENT event (method, ip-from, url-to, response)>
<!ELEMENT method (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT ip-from (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT url-to (#PCDATA)>
<!ELEMENT response (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST event date CDATA #IMPLIED result CDATA #IMPLIED>
] >
DTD- filename.dtd XML- log.XML:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding=" WINDOWS-1251"?>
<!DOCTYPE log SYSTEM "filename.dtd">
<log>
<event date=" 27/May/1999:02:32:46 " result="success">
<ip-from> 195.151.62.18 </ip-from>
<method>GET</method>
<url-to> /misc/</url-to>
<response>200</response>
</event>
<event date=" 27/May/1999:02:41:47 " result="success">
<ip-from> 195.209.248.12 </ip-from>
<method>GET</method>
<url-to> /soft.htm</url-to>
<response>200</response>
</event>
</log>
DTD- .
DTD . (markup declarations), <!. ELEMENT, ATTLIST, ENTITY, NOTATION, , : , , . " > ". , DTD , XML - .
.
1) XML (element type declaration). <! ELEMENT,
. , , , empty. :
<!ELEMENT br EMPTY>
XML br <br /> <br></br>
:
<!ELEMENT something ANY>
, something . .
:
<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
#PCDATA (Parsed Character DATA) , - XML.
, , , . XML , .
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, sp:suppi-prod :
<!ELEMENT sp:suppl-prod (sp:snum, sp:sname, sp:loc, sp:pname, sp:qty)>
, . .
, . :
<!ELEMENT someelement (#PCDATA, inelem, anoelem)>
. , , , .
, sp: suppiprod sp:suppl-prod. :
<!ELEMENT sp:suppl-prod (sp:suppl-prod)* >
, XML (³0). . XML. , .
: " + ", , (³1), "? ", , (1 0).
, mymemoirs, :
<!ELEMENT mymemoires (title, author, philosophizing+, sad_story*, funny_story*, lesson*, conclusion)>
, ( ) (|):
<!ELEMENT mymemoires (title, author, philosophizing+, sad_story*, funny_story*, lesson+ | conclusion)>
mymemoirs lesson conclusion, .
: bk:chapter:
<!ELEMENT bk:chapter (bk:title, (bk:section+, bk:listing*, bk:picture*)*, bk:conclusion?)>
, bk:chapter bk:title, bk:section. bk:section bk:listing bk:picture. bk:conclusion.
. . , , , , . edition, , :
<!ELEMENT edition (author+, title, name,(publ-house, publ-place) | issue)) >
2) , . . , . <!ATTLIST, ( event), . ( : result, date, : CDATA : #IMPLIED). , , " > ".
<!ATTLIST event result CDATA #IMPLIED date CDATA #IMPLIED>
, .
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, : (string), (tokenized) (enumerated).
:
a) (string) :
cdata ;
b) (tokenized) ( HTML, ):
id , , . . DTD ID;
idref , id, ;
idrefs , id, ; ;
entity . 3- ;
entities ;
nmtoken , , , .. , , , , , ;
nmtokens , ;
notation .
id , . . , . idref idrefs. , :
< name reg-num="123045"></ name >
< name reg-num="123052"></ name >
reg-num id, :
<post reF "123045">3 OToM</post>
ref idref. , " ". DTD :
<!ELEMENT name (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST name reg-num ID #REQUIRED>
<!ELEMENT post (#PCDATA)>
<!ATTLIST post ref IDREF #IMPLIED>
entity , DTD.
nmtoken , , .
notation , DTD.
c) (enumerated) ( ):
<!ATLIST triangle angle_type (obtuse | acute | right)? #REQUIRED>
angle_type , triangle (), : (obtuse - acute - right - ) .
(|) .
3) . , , , XML. , , , :
#required ;
#implied , ;
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#fixed , , .
<!ATTLIST dog species #FIXED "Canis familiaris">
dog species, Canis familiaris.
, , , .
, first, second surname name :
<!ATTLIST name
first CDATA #REQUIRED
second CDATA #IMPLIED
surname CDATA #REQUIRED>
XML- DTD- . - - (validating parsers), ( Internet Explorer). XML XML , XML CSS (Cascading Style Sheet), XSLT.
:
, XML-. DTD- XML-. DTD- , XML-.