Agriculture exam
1) Infrared radiation is:
Is popularly known as heat radiation
2) Organic farming:
Is using biological pest control methods
3) Flooding occurs when:
Large volume of rain falls over a short period of time
Rain cannot be absorbed by soil
4) A relationship between species where one species benefits at the expense another called:
Parasitism
5) C4 plants have a competitive advantage over plants possessing the more carbon fixation pathway under conditions:
High temperature
Drought
6) In the Czech Republic,predominant type of agriculture according to water supply is:
-rainfed agriculture
7) Which crops cannot be successfully grown in potatoes production area?
Sunflower
Cucumbers
8) Main vectors of virus-born diseases in plants are:
Aphids
9) Temperature is influenced by:
Season and topography
10) Which chemicals are used in weed management?
Herbicides
11)What does it mean physical weathering:
-use of different forces for rock disintegration
-use of frost for rock disintegration
11) Colorado beetle is very important pest of:
Potatoes, tomatoes and eggplant
12) Conservation tillage includes:
No-tillage
Mulch tillage
14) Cambisol is defined as:
Type of soil with large horizon differenation
15) Biological sorption refers to statement:
Nutrients are mainly captured in plant tissues and soil microorganismus
16) Conservation methods of biological weed management involved:
Modifying the environment to retain or increase populations and intensify the damage they inflict on weeds.
17) Non-selective herbicide:
Is toxic to all plants
18) Mark noninfectious agents of plants damages:
Bacteria
19) Flax grassing is:
Decomposing of upper layers of the flax stem by special bacteria
20) Ridging of potatoes by the special ploughshare is made several times:
From germination to the beginning of buds formation
21) Methyl-esters of oilseed rape in the Czech Republic:
Are commonly used as an addition to the bio-diesel
22) To the main producers of sugar beet doesnt belong:
Sweden
23) Winter oilseed rape is usually harvested:
During July
24) Potato is cultivated for production of:
Saccharides (starch)
25) Among the fast-growing trees suitable for cultivation on plantations dont:
Lime trees
26) Soil PH can affect:
Actsorption and desorption
Solubility of macro and micro
27) Spring barley:
Does not require exposure to winter temperatures and can be sown in spring
28) Inert silica compounds and primary and secondary aluminosilicates belong among:
Mineral solid soil portion
29) As a biological method for managing insect pests in agriculture can be used:
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Predators, parasitoid and pathogens
30) As a source of poppy for pharmaceutical industry is used:
Empty dry poppyhead with upper part of stem
31) Cereal crop suitable for dry soil-climatic conditions:
Sorghum
32) Commercial energy crops are:
High yielding crop species
eg. willows and poplars
33) The worlds most important protein feed:
Soybean meal
34) The most widespread cereal crops in Europe are:
Wheat and barley
35) Rye is predominantly cultivated on:
Light, sandy, slightly acidic soils
36) Mineral solid soil portion consist of:
Organomineral complexes
37) Winter cereal crop with the highest frost-resistance is:
Rye
38) Main purposes for primary time of plants:
Production of food
39) Norfolk four-course system is:
Four crops were planted simultaneously
First crop was beat followed by turnips and third barley with clover understown
40) Oilseed rape is not used for productions of:
Bread making
41) Organic farming is the form of agriculture that:
Relies on technique such as crop rotation and biological pest control
42) N fertilizers in winter oilseed rape are not applied:
During the ripening
43) As renewable energy resources are planted:
Oat
Maize
44) Soil Horizon B is described as:
soil materials are transformed and clays or oxides accumulated there
alluvial
45) Which agricultural productions area is situated in the coldest regions of the Czech Republic?
Maize production area
46) Soil organic matter is a source of:
Nutriets
47) GM crops:
have specific genes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques
are allowed to grow in some European countries
48) Poppy:
can be the source of many opiates
is the source of edible poppyseed oil
49) Rhizomania:
is a disease of sugar beet caused by virus
50) Secondary tillage is used to:
Seed bed preparation
51) Which group of crops is fertilized by organic manures at most?
Root crops
52) Crop pests include:
Insects
53) Which group of crops enriches the soil nitrogen content by biological fixation, provided by bacteria from the genus Rhizobium?
Cereal
Legumes
54) The acquisition of a plants ability to flower or germinate in the spring by exposure to the prolonged cold of winter is called:
Vernalization
55) Selective herbicide:
Is much more toxic to some plants than to others
56) PAR:
400- 760 nm
57) Toxic.
Herbicides
58) As renewable energy resource an present in plants:
Oil-seed rape
59) Where major nutrient an present in plants:
are part of protein, nucleic acid, vitamins, phospholipids
60) Main vectors of virus-born diseases in plants are:
Aphids
61) Sugar beet does not prefer:
Light sandy soils
Warmer growing regions
62) Weeds are:
Solely crop parasits
63) Which elements belong. potentially toxic:
Cd, Hg, Pb
64) How much individual macronutrients is commonly present in dry matter of plant biomass:
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0.10- 2.5%
65) IR radiation:
Can be used as a heating source
Is popularly known as heat radiation
66) Photosynthesis is the process:
converting light energy to chemical energy
67) Gaseous phase (soil air) contains:
elevated amounts of oxygen and nitrogen
68) Norfolk four-course system is:
First crop was wheat followed by turnips and third barley with clover undersown
Fallow field was omitted and system emphasized fodder crops
69) The worlds most important protein feed, accounting for more than two- thirds of world supplies is:
Soybean
70) Urban Based Farming system is represented by:
Production of vegetables, in particular leaf vegetables
Small livestock is usually grown there as well
71) Irrigation:
Is an artificial application of water to the land or soil
is used in cultivation of fruits and vegetables
72) Nutrient uptake is caused by:
Root tips and hairs as well leaves and stems of plants
73) To the cereals of II group belong:
Maize
Sorghum
74) Among the most important crops that feed the world belong:
Maize and barley
75) Cereal crop suitable for sodden conditions is:
Rice
76) Rice is the most widespread cereal crop in:
Asia
77) Flax seed is used for:
Production of technical and industrial oil
Productions of Fibre
78) Organic solid soil portion consist of:
Primary and secondary aluminosilicates
79) Polychlorinated biphenyls belong among main:
organic pollutants
80) Winter oilseed rape is usually harvested:
During July
81) What does it mean rhizosphere environment:
layer of soil touch to plant roots
82) Which elements belong to major nutrients:
N P K Ca Mg
N P K Ca S
83) Spring barley:
Does not require exposure to winter temperatures
84) Which components belong among outputs of nutrient cycle:
Volatilization leaching denitrification erosion
85) Plant cells differ from the cells of other eukaryotic organisms:
Have vacuole, cell wall
Have plastids and cell membrane
86) Organic farming is the form of agriculture that excludes or strietly limits:
Use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides
Use of livestock feed additives and genetically modified organisms
87) Main steps of soil development are:
Transition of unstable minerals into more stable ones
Living organisms appeared in mixture of inorganic and organic materials
88) Soil horizon O is described as:
A surface layer, dominated by the presence of large amounts of organic materials
Layer with presence of high organic matter
89) Winter oilseed rape overwintering is in vegetation stage of:
Leaf rosette
90) A symbiotic association between a fungus and the roots of a vascular plant is called:
Mycorrhiza
Mutualism
91) Main producers of sugar cane are:
Brazil, India, China
92) Primary tillage is used for:
Break and loose the soil
93) To the basic quality parameter of sugar beet roots doesnt belong:
Vitamins content
ash content
94) Crops with shallow root systems are:
Flax
Potatoes
95) Optimum of C:N ratio fluctuates between:
15:1-23:1
96) The worlds most important protein feed, accounting for more than two-thirds of world supplies is:
Soybean meal
97) Potatoes do not prefer:
Lower temperatures during vegetation
98) Sunflower is not used for:
Production of starch
99) Ridging of potatoes by the special ploughshare is made several times:
From germination to the beginning of buds formation
100) To the medical plants used like antidepressives doesnt belong:
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oak bark
101) Achene is source of oil in:
sunflower, safflower, cotton
102) Winter oilseed rape is usually harvested:
during July
103) The best harvest time of the leaf drugs is:
beginning of the buds formation
104) C4 carbon fixation is:
typical for maize, sugar cane, millet and sorghum
105) The most suitable cereal crops for bioethanol production are:
wheat and triticale
106) Horticulture Mixed Farming System is represented by:
farm size is small and has a diversified production pattern
cultivation of fruit, nuts and vegetables, partly irrigated
107) Term of winter wheat sowing in European conditions is usually in:
September and October
108) UV radiation is the light with wavelengths betwee
100- 400 nm
109) Long day plants
typically flower in the northern hemisphere during late spring or early summer
110) The process where a population of animals or plants is changed through a process of artificial selection at the genetic level, desired by humans, is called
Domestication
111) UV radiation
can not be seen (non-visible)
can not be harmful to plant tissues and eyes
112) Minimum oil content in the seeds of oilseed rape should be:
42%
113) Environmental importance of plants are:
sequestration of CO2
water reservoirs protection
114) Positive effects of the weeds:
weeds can provide food for crop pollinators and pest bioregulators
115) Main purposes for primary use of plants
production of food, production of fabrics
116) Farming system is defined as:
horizontal and vertical integration of crop livestock, trees and aquaculture
117) Sparse (cold) Farming System is represented by:
limited cultivation of rye and oats, as well as for potatoes and some vegetables
short growing season, very low temperatures and poor soils
118) Main objectives of organic farming are:
production of healthy food under regulated procedure
development of soil fertility mechanical weed control
119) Gaseous phase (soil air) contains.... compare to atmospheric air:
elevated amounts of oxygen and nitrogen
120) Which main factors are required for plant growth:
water, sun radiation, temperature, nutrients
121) Recommended sowing rate of winter wheat is:
400-500 kernels per 1m2
122) Which organism belong to pathogens:
Salmonella, Clostridium, Mycotoxins, Leptospira
123) Choose characteristics, which does not belong to the characterization of the 1st group of cereals:
they create only spring forms
124) The average growing area of rye in Czech Republic is about:
45 000 ha
125) The average yield of sugar beet roots in the Czech Republic is about:
40-50 t*ha-1
126) Potatoes of the cooking type D are:
intensely mealy
127) Average sugar content in the sugar beet root in the conditions of the Czech Republic is about:
16-19%
128) Oilseed rape is not used for production of:
Bioethanol
bread making
129) To the antidiabetics does not belong:
golden-rod
130) Convention tillage comprises all tillage types that:
leave less than 15% crops residues on the soil surface after planting the next crop
leave less than 1100kg ha-1 of small grain residues through a critical erosion period
131) Mark shallow rooting crops:
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Flax
potatoes
132) Conservation methods of biological weed management involve:
modifying the environmental to population of resident control agents and intensity the damage they inflicts on weeds retain or increase
133) Urban Based Farming System is represented by:
production of vegetables, in particular leafy vegetables
small livestock is usually grown there
134) Classification of farming system is based on the:
available natural resources
landscape (soil type, soil depth, slope)
135) Irrigated Farming System is represented by:
high value crops
intensive irrigation, soil desertification and degradation
136) Large-scale Cereals-Vegetable Farming System is represented by:
large farms ranging from 500 - 4000ha
farmers grow mainly wheat, barley, maize, sunflower, sugar beet
137) Liquid phase (soil solution) contains:
elevated amounts of sulphates and low amount of phosphates
usually low amounts of phosphates and high amounts of calcium
138) Main objectives of sustainable agriculture are:
reduction of unnecessary inputs keeping relatively high primary production
minimization of environmental risks and high quality of products
139) Which are main physical parameters of soil fertility:
soil structure, texture and soil porosity
soil temperature and susceptibility to soil erosion
140) How you can describe the importance of water:
as an universal solvent, due to hydrogen bonds and its polarity
141) Which elements belong to trace (micro) nutrients:
Mn, Zn, Cu, Co, B
Zn, Fe, B, Mo, B
142) Sources of pathogens:
Manure, slurry, sewage sludge
143) Choose characteristic, which does belong to the characterization of the 1st group of cereals:
they have hollow stalk
they need long day (14 - 16 hours) for formation of generative organs (ears)
144) The average grain yield of winter wheat in CR is about:
4-5 t.ha-1
145) Which elements belong among potentially toxic:
Cu, Cr, Cd, Zn, Ni, Ba
Be, Cd, Hg, Pb, Sb, Tl
Cd, Hg, Pb
146) To the afrodisiacs does not belong:
peppermint
147) Wheat for bread, baking purposes (proofing dough) should have:
the highest possible content of protein
148) The average consumption of sugar per person and year in the CR is about:
40kg
149) Sugar beets is usually harvested during the:
October and November
150) The best harvest time of the fruit drugs is:
in full maturity
151) Conservation tillage comprises all tillage types:
leave more than 30% or more soil surface with crop residues after planting
152) Which groups of crops is fertilized by organic manures at most?
root crops
153) In general, food foreceptors are:
oil seed crops (oil seed rape)
154) Which agriculture production area is situated in the coldest regions of the Czech republic?
fodder crop production area
155) Soil organic matter is a source of:
Nutrients
carbonates
156) How can you describe nutrients:
specific elements required for plant growth
elements soluble in water
157) Mark non-infectious agents of plant damages:
nutrient deficiencies
frost
(pesticides/ surfactants, lightening)
158) In organic (ecological) farming:
only selective herbicides can be used
159) Climate:
is commonly considered to be the weather averaged over a long period of time, typically 30 years
160) C3 plants:
prefer areas with moderate temperature
(wheat, barley, potatoes, sugar beet)
161) Most economies of the developing world are predominantly:
agrarian
162) As a renewable energy resources are planted:
oil-seed rape
maize
163) How much individual macronutrients is commonly present in dry matter of plant biomass:
0, 1 2,5 %
164) Photosynthesis is the process:
converting light energy to chemical energy
occurring in plants and some algae
Test
2) The main group of crops under irrigation in CZ:
- cereals
- vegetables
3) The most widespread seedy oil crop worldwide is:
- soybean
4) Main contemporary agricultural systems are:
- intensive (conventional) agriculture
- sustainable agriculture
14) Soil origin is:
- Sedimentary
- Volcanic
15) Chlorophyll:
- absorbs red and blue
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- transmits and reflects green
17) In agriculture can be used:
- Predators, parasitoid, pathogens
16)Main soil sources potentially toxic elements:
- sewage sludge
18) As a source of poppy alcaloids for pharmaceutical industry is used:
- Empty dry poppyhead with upper part of stem
20) Root chicory is important source of:
- inulin
21) To the root crops doesn`t belong:
- oilseed rape
31) Oil flax is characteristic by:
- long stem with rich branching
32) Conservation tillage includes:
- no-tillage
- mulch tillage
33) Mark shallow rooting crops:
- flax
- potatoes
34) Soil phases are:
- liquid
- solid
42) Sorghum is tolerant:
- to acidic soils
- to salinity
Which chemicals are used in mites man.
- Acaricides
44) What does it mean physical wheathering:
- Use of differing forces
- Use of different microorg.
- Use of frost
