Colloid solutions for fluid resuscitation
Frances Bunn and Daksha Trivedi
July 2012
Colloids versus crystalloids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients
Pablo Perel, Ian Roberts and Katharine Ker
February 2013
A randomized trial comparing the effect of prophylactic intravenous fresh frozen plasma, gelatin or glucose on early mortality and morbidity in preterm babies. The Northern Neonatal Nursing Initiative [NNNI] TrialGroup.
European journal of pediatrics, 1996, 155(7), 580
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http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/278/CN-00566278/frame.html
The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) 2012 Issue 3 Copyright 2012 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perflurocarbon emulsions (PFC) have the capacity of transporting oxygen through the bloodstream and may be safe and effective alternatives to allogeneic blood transfusions during surgical procedures. Perftoran was the PFC used in a randomized clinical trial conducted at Hospital de Especialidades Centro Medico La Raza, Mexico City. The clinical trial took a sample group, n = 30, of patients that were scheduled for elective cardiac valvuloplasty surgery in combination with preoperative acute normovolemic hemodilution and an inspiratory oxygen fraction (FI02) of 1.0. The participants were randomly divided into a Control group (n = 15) and a Perftoran (PFC) group (n = 15). The PFC group had significantly higher intraoperative PaO2 levels and needed less allogeneic red blood cell packs than the Control group. There were no complications or deaths in either group. These results suggest that Perftoran is safe, efficacious, and reduces the need for allogeneic blood and blood derivatives in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
Randomised or quasi-randomised trials evaluating the effects of oral preventive supplementation with daily iron, iron + folic acid or iron + other vitamins and minerals during pregnancy.
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Randomised or quasi-randomised trials evaluating the effects of oral preventive supplementation with daily iron, iron + folic acid or iron + other vitamins and minerals during pregnancy.
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2011 Elsevier B. V., Amsterdam.
Randomised or quasi-randomised trials evaluating the effects of oral preventive supplementation with daily iron, iron + folic acid or iron + other vitamins and minerals during pregnancy.
(The Cochrane Library 2011, 3), MEDLINE ( 1950 . 2012 .), 2011 2012 .
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2. A randomized study comparing ciclosporin A and antithymocyte globulin for treatment of severe aplastic anemia. LinksExport Central CitationThe Cochrane Library 2011.
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1.Prognostic importance of duration of MDS prior to randomization between decitabine (DAC) vs. best supportive care (BSC) in elderly IPSS intermediate,2 and high risk MDS patients: results of the 06011 EORTC,GMDSSG phase III [Abstract No. 4024]
2.Multicenter Study of Decitabine Administered Daily for 5 Days Every 4 Weeks to Adults With Myelodysplastic Syndromes: The Alternative Dosing for Outpatient Treatment (ADOPT) Trial.
Presented in abstract form at the American Society of Hematology 2007 Annual Meeting, December 8-10, 2007, Atlanta, GA; 44th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, May 30-June 3, 2008, Chicago, IL; and the 13th Congress of the European Hematology Association, June 12-15, 2008, Copenhagen, Denmark.
http://jco.ascopubs.org/content/27/23/3842.abstract
3. ClinicalTrials.
Non-Randomized Interventional. A Study of Decitabine Given to Adults With Advanced-Stage Myelodysplastic Syndromes
http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT00260065
3.FDA Dacogen ()
http://healtheconomics.ru/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=13204:fda---dacogen------&catid=1:latest-news&Itemid=107
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/o/cochrane/clcentral/articles/162/CN-00996162/frame.html
The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) 2014 Issue 8 Copyright 2014 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Background: Clinical trials have failed to show a benefit of B vitamin therapy in reducing composite outcomes of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke among stroke survivors with elevated total serum homocysteine (tHcy) levels. Recent post hoc analyses have shown that numerous factors including age, baseline tHcy levels, folic acid fortification of grains, B<sub>12</sub> status, renal function, comorbidities, and medications may modify the effect of B vitamin therapy on vascular risk in individuals with high tHcy. It remains possible that tHcy-lowering therapy may reduce cardiovascular risk in certain subgroups of stroke survivors. Post hoc subgroup analysis of the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-2 randomized controlled trial, which randomized participants with known cardiovascular disease to tHcy-lowering therapy or placebo, revealed larger treatment benefit for patients aged younger than 69 years; however, that analysis did not control for other factors. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age on the impact of tHcy-lowering therapy for reducing vascular risk after stroke while controlling for other factors known to modify the effect of tHcy and tHcy-lowering therapy on vascular risk. Methods: In this post hoc analysis of the Vitamin Intervention for Stroke Prevention (VISP) trial, a randomized controlled trial of tHcy lowering for secondary stroke prevention, we excluded individuals who had poor renal function (glomerular filtration rate <47; the 10th percentile) or were treated with vitamin B<sub>12</sub> injections. We assessed the effects of high-dose vitamin replacement on primary (stroke, myocardial infarction, or death) and secondary (stroke) outcomes, after stratifying by age (< vs. > median age, 67 years) and adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. Results: This subgroup consisted of 2,993 individuals. Among individuals older than 67 years, high-dose vitamin therapy was associated with reduced risk of stroke, myocardial infarction or death (adjusted HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.58-0.99) and a trend towards reduced likelihood of stroke (adjusted HR 0.86, 95% CI 0.59-1.25). High-dose vitamin therapy did not impact outcomes among individuals younger than 67 years. Conclusions: In this post hoc subgroup analysis of the VISP trial, age modified the association between B vitamin therapy and recurrent vascular risk among stroke survivors with elevated serum tHcy levels. Older individuals with stroke were more likely to benefit from B vitamin therapy than younger individuals. These findings can help inform the future design of clinical trials of tHcy-lowering therapy for cardiovascular risk reduction after stroke. 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.
1.The Cochrane Library 2012, Issue 2), MEDLINE (1966 to May 2012), EMBASE (1974 to November 2011), LILACS (1982 to May 2012)
We included five trials randomising 1343 adult patients in the systematic review. Allocation and blinding were unclear in three trials and adequate in two. Incomplete outcome data and selective reporting were adequate in all trials. Trials varied in the type of lymphoid malignancy, bendamustine regimen and the comparator regimen. In the three trials that included patients with follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma and other indolent lymphomas the comparator treatment was cyclophosphamide, a combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin and prednisone, and fludarabine.
METHODS: Patients (aged ≥ 18 years) with CLL Binet stage A, B, or C or Rai stages I-IV were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio according to a computer-generated allocation schedule to open-label combination treatment (fludarabine 30 mg/m(2) per day and alemtuzumab 30 mg per day on days 1-3) or monotherapy (fludarabine 25 mg/m(2) on days 1-5) by use of an interactive voice response system. Both regimens were given intravenously for a maximum of six 28-day cycles. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00086580.
Antifibrinolytic therapy to reduce haemoptysis from any cause
Gabriela Prutsky, Juan Pablo Domecq, Carlos A Salazar and Roberto Accinelli
April 2012 ()
Antifibrinolytic drugs for acute traumatic injury
Ian Roberts, Haleema Shakur, Katharine Ker, Tim Coats and on behalf of the CRASH‐2 Trial collaborators
December 2012 ()
CRASH-2 ()
Haemostatic drugs for traumatic brain injury
Pablo Perel, Ian Roberts, Haleema Shakur, Bandit Thinkhamrop, Nakornchai Phuenpathom and Surakrant Yutthakasemsunt
January 2010 (D)
Prophylactic vitamin K for the prevention of vitamin K deficiency bleeding in preterm neonates
Stephanie Ardell, Martin Offringa and Roger Soll
January 2010 ()
Methods to decrease blood loss and transfusion requirements for liver transplantation
Kurinchi Selvan Gurusamy, Theodora Pissanou, Hynek Pikhart, Jessica Vaughan, Andrew K Burroughs and Brian R Davidson
May 2012 ()
Anti‐fibrinolytic use for minimising perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion
David A Henry, Paul A Carless, Annette J Moxey, Dianne O'Connell, Barrie J Stokes, Dean A Fergusson and Katharine Ker
March 2011 ()
Pharmacological interventions to decrease blood loss and blood transfusion requirements for liver resection
Kurinchi Selvan Gurusamy, Jun Li, Dinesh Sharma and Brian R Davidson
October 2009 ()
* (B)
Antifibrinolytic drugs for acute traumatic injury
Ian Roberts, Haleema Shakur, Katharine Ker, Tim Coats and on behalf of the CRASH‐2 Trial collaborators
December 2012 ()
11 (n = 15294) 2012 ()
The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) 2011 Issue 4
Copyright 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. : [ (Zavedos) (Refador) (55-75) ( , 1998-2000].
Abstract The presented study compares the efficacy and the toxicity of idarubicine and mitoxantrone in combination with cytosar (3 + 7) in induction treatment of the patients with AML aged 55-75. 31 patients at the age of 55-75 (median 62) were evaluated in the arm with idarubicine and 29 patients at the age of 57-74 (median 64) in the arm with mithoxantrone. Complete haematological remission was achieved in 13 patients (41.9%) in the arm with idarubicine and 15 patients (51.7%) in the arm with mitoxantrone. The medians of overall survival time (OS) and disease free survival time (DFS) were 22 and 44 weeks in the idarubicine arm and 35 and 40 weeks in the mitoxantrone arm, respectively. Statistical analysis did not prove any significant difference in the complete remission rates, in the number of deaths during cytopenia, in the OS or DFS, in the duration of hospitalisation, severe neutropenia and thrombopenia, in the number of days with febrile neutropenia, or in the consumption of platelets and erythrocytes transfusion units between both arms. Despite the fact that these results are not statistically significant in favour of any treatment arm, which is probably influenced also by the small number of evaluated patients, more favourable results were achieved in the arm with mithoxantrone with the respect to the evaluated parameters. From the point of view of cost-effectiveness, the difference could be observed when considering the price of both intercalating cytostatics. The use of mitoxantrone (Refador, Lachema) is 15x times cheaper per course of treatment than the use of idarubicine (Zavedos, Pharmacia). Autologous peripheral blood stem cells transplantation (APBSC) was carried out only in 4 patients younger than 60. No one of them was cured by APBSC but the median of OS of these patients was longer than the median in the other patients of the group. The results achieved are comparable with those of other trials conducted by various foreign groups. The possible causes of our unfavourable treatment results in this high-risk category of aged patients and the ways how to individualize the treatment with the use of prognostic factors analysis and how to improve the quality of life of the patients has been discussed.
Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Acute Disease; Antineoplastic Agents [*therapeutic use]; Cytarabine [administration & dosage]; Idarubicin [adverse effects; *therapeutic use]; Leukemia, Myeloid [*drug therapy; mortality]; Mitoxantrone [adverse effects; *therapeutic use]; Prospective Studies;
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