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4

 

 

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- , ;

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1.

, . . . :

1) ;

2) , ;

3) , .

, , , . , .

. . ( , ) , , , , .

, , , , , , , . , , , .. , .

, , , . :

 

type < > = < >;

 

:

 

var < >: < >;

 

, , , .. , . ,

 

const f1: boolean = true;

a: real = pi/180;

 

. , , , , , .

.

 

 

2. .

( ) , 1 . 28=256 0 1. . , ASCII (American Standard Code Information Interchange). ( 0..127) IBM- . , 0 9 48 57, 65 90, 97 122. ASCII , .

Char ( character ). ,

 

var c1, c2: char;

 

char .

:

 

1) , , c1:=g; c2:=n;

2) (#) ASCII, , c1:=#103; c2:=#110.

, :

 

Chr (x:byte): char ASCII;

Ord(x):longint , ;

Pred(x) , ;

Succ(x) .

 

Upcase(x:char): , .

 

Chr Ord :

 

hr (rd(x))=x;

Ord (hr(x))=i;

Chr (rd(x)-1)=Pred(x);

Chr (rd(x)+1)=Succ(x).

 

, . : , .

-, case.

, ASCII , 32 . , . - . , Esc, 27 ASCII Escape, HT , 9. :

 

1. ASCII-;

2. Ctrl-, .. , Ctrl - ; , Ctrl+H ( ^H);

3. Chr(i).

 

,

1. ch:=10; ch:=^J; ch:=chr(10)

ch , ( LF).

, :

 

var x, y, z: real; operator: char;

begin

writeln ( =); readln(x);

writeln ( +, -, *, /?); readln(operator);

writeln ( y=); readln(y);

case operator of

+: z:= x+y;

-: z:= x-y;

*: z:=x*y;

/: z:=x/y;

end;

writeln (z=,z); readln

end.

 

:

 

var ch:char; k,m:byte;

begin

readln(ch); k:=0;

repeat

m:=Ord(ch) Ord(0);

k:=10*k+m; readln(ch)

until not ((ch>=0) and (ch<=9));

writeln( k=,k); readln

end.

 

. , .

 

 

3. .

array[1..n] of char. string.

, var st1:string;

st2:string[8];

 

. st2 8. , st1, 255.

, , . , , st2:=frequency. 8, st2 frequenc.

, , . , st2[0], .

char, , ASCII . , , , .

, string char , char .

Length(st2) Ord(st2[0]). Length , .

=, <, <= .. , . , . . , 150 < 160; Max< mini.

. , . ,

const s1:string[50]=;

string[50], 4.

, st2[i]. , , , , . , .

4. .

.

1. , str , :

Length(str:string):byte.

 

2. Pos(substr, str:string):byte substr str. byte, , substr str. , 0.

,

st1:=First; st2:=SetFirst; k1:=Pos(st1,st2);

k1 4.

 

3. (). , :

 

st:=st1+st2++stn;

st:=Concat(st1,st2,,stn).

st 255 .

 

4. Copy(str:string, kstart,m:integer): string m str, kstart . . ,

gamma:= SetColor; beta:=Copy(gamma, 4,5); writeln(beta);

beta=Color.

 

5. Delete (var str:string, kstart, m:integer) m str, ksatr. ,

alfa:=element;

Delete (alfa,4,3);

alfa=elet. m , .

 

6. Insert(instr:string, var str:string, kstart:integer) instr str, kstart. ,

beta:=123 ; alfa:=element;

Insert(beta, alfa,5);

alfa=123_element. Delete Insert kstart , , 255.

7. Str(n [:width[:decimals]]; var strn:string) n strn. n , strn , n.

, Str(4.52, st1) st1=4.52.

8. Val (strn:sting; var n; var errcode:integer) , strn n. errcode . strn , , errcode . ,

Val(12345, n,k);

n = 12345; k=0.

Val (12_45 n, k);

k=3.

 

1. . .

 

var str:string; k:integer;

begin

writeln( ); readln(str);

for k:=1 to Length(str) do

if Copy(str,k,1)=.

then begin Insert( ,str,k+1); str[k+2]:= UpCase(str[k+2] end;

writeln(str); readln

end.

 

. , .

 

2. . .

 

var i: integer; s: string;

Begin

writeln ( ); readln (s);

i:=1;

while i<Length(s) do begin

if (s[i]=,) and not (s[i+1]= )

then Insert( ,s,i+1); Inc (i)

end;

writeln(s);

End.

 

While, For? Pos( , s)? , , . !, ? , . .

 

3. , .

 

type strtype = string[20];

var strread,strrev:strtype;

function Reverse(str:strtype):strtype;

var firstch:char; rrest:strtype;

begin

if Length(str)=1

then Reverse:=str

else begin

firstch:=str[1]; Delete(str,1,1);

rrest:=Reverse(str);

Reverse:=Concat(rrest,firstch)

end

end;

Begin

repeat

writeln('Input text.Word endf - end'); readln(strread);

strrev:=Reverse(strread); writeln(strrev)

until strread = 'endf';

readln

End.

. - (), : , , ..

, . : , , , , .

, .

 

var x,y,z:string; k:integer;

function UpRusCase(w:char):char;

{ }

begin

if (w>=) and (w<= )

then UpRusCase:=Chr(Ord(w)+32)

UpRusCase:=w

end;

Begin

y:= ; z:= ;

writeln( ); readln(x);

for k:=1 to Length(x) do

if (Copy(x,k,1)>=) and (Copy(x,k,1)<=)

then begin z:=Concat(z,UpRusCase(Copy(x,k,1)));

y:=Concat(UpRusCase(Copy(x,k,1)),y)

end;

if y=z

then writeln(, )

else writeln(, );

readln

End.

 

.

4. . . , , . , . . .

 

const n=20; m=10; { }

type Tstring=string[m];

var a: array[1..n] of Tstring; s: string; k, i: Integer;

procedure DelPr (var s: string); { }

begin

while (s[1]= ) and (s<> ) do Delete (s,1,1)

end;

function GetWord (var s: string): Tstring;

{ , }

begin

GetWord:=Copy(s,1,Pos( ,s)-1);

Delete (s,1,Pos( ,s));

DelPr(s)

end;

Begin

writeln ( ); readln (s);

s:=s + ; { . ?}

DelPr(s); { }

k:=0;

while s<> do begin { }

Inc(k); a[k]:=GetWord(s) { }

end;

for i:=1 to k do writeln (A[i]); readln

End.

 

DelPr(s) , GetWord . ? ? , ? DelPr

while (s[1]= ) and (s<> ) do Delete (s,1,1)

while (s[1]= ) do Delete (s,1,1)

, . .

 

5. Y. r Y , Y . , Y , . , . = 'abcd', Y= 'dxxc', r= 4, = '1111111', Y= '111222', r= 7. :

 

 

var i,j,r: integer; s,x,y: string;

Begin

writeln (' '); readln (x);

writeln (' '); readln (y);

if Length(x)>Length(y)

then begin s:=x; x:=y; y:=s end;

{ Y X }

r:=Length(y);

for i:=l to Length (x) do begin

j:=1;

while (j<=Length(y)) and (y[j]<>x[i)) do Inc(j);

if j>Length(y)

then Inc(r)

else begin dec(r); Delete(y,j,1) end

{ . Y }

end;

writeln (' ', r); readln

End.

 

Y ? . Delete(Y,j,l). ? , , () .

 



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