TURBO PASCAL 7.0.
:
1. TURBO PASCAL 7.0.
2. .
3. TURBO PASCAL 7.0.
4. .
1. TURBO PASCAL 7.0
TURBO PASCAL , c , . , , , .
TURBO PASCAL Volkov Turbo TP Enter.
Alt-X.
TURBO- () , .1
File Edit Search Run Compile Debug Options Window Help
F1-Help F2-Save F3-Open F4-Edit Compile F9-Make F10-Menu
.1
. . - . .
1.1.
:
1. F10 . . Enter.
2. Alt , . , File Alt-F.
Esc.
: (), File (), Edit (), Search (), Run (), Compile (), Debug (), Options (), Window (), Help (). , . File.
(File)
File , . Alt-F F10 File Enter. File, , .2
=====
File Edit Search
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L==T==-
----+-----------
Open... F3
New Alt-F3
Save F2
Save as...
Save all
+---------------+
Change dir...
Printer setup
DOS shell DOS
Exit Alt-X TURBO PASCAL
---------------
.2
6 (): Open, New, Save, Save as...,Print Exit.
Open(F3) - .
New(Alt-F3) - . .
Save(F2) - .
Save as... - .
Print - ( ).
Exit(Alt-X) - TURBO PASCAL.
2.
:
1) ;
2) ;
3) ;
4) ;
5) ;
6) ;
7) ;
8) .
[3].
3. TURBO PASCAL
Turbo Pascal. , , , , .
Turbo Pascal . : , , .
Turbo Pascal .
4.
Turbo Pascal c .
.
Turbo Pascal:
Program ; { }
label ; -
const ;
type ; +-
var ;
procedure ;
function ; --
begin -
;
; +-
...
end. --
:
- ;
- ;
- () ;
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- ;
- , end .
, begin end.
, , , .
. { }.
.
. ";".
Enter ().
.
, . s=(p*(p-a)*(p-b)*(p-c))^(1/2), p=(a+b+c)/2. v=1/3*s*h.
:
- ,,,h;
- ;
- s;
- v;
- v.
:
Program piramida;
var
a,b,c,h,p,s,v:real;
begin
writeln(' a,b,c,h'); {
}
readln(a,b,c,h); { }
p:=(a+b+c)/2; { ()}
s:=sqrt(p*(p-a)*(p-b)&(p-c)); { }
v:=s*h/3.0; { }
writeln(' v=',v:7:2) { }
end.
5. Turbo Pascal
Turbo Pascal :
- ;
- ;
- 10 0 9;
- : , , ,,,,,,, , .
6. .
, . , ( ). , , ( ). , , .
, : .
:
- (integer);
- (real);
- (char).
- , [-32768,32767].
:2,-15,32180,-524.
(3.14159) (2.5e12). . [2.9e-39,1.7e38].
- . (a,b,c,f,o ..) (' Turbo Pascal').
7.
: , , , , .
7.1.
( ) , . . , Write .
7.2.
- , . . .3
--------------
L------T-------
-------------+------------
-----+---- ------+----
L----T----- L-----------
+----------------------------
-----+---- -------+------
L---------- L--------------
.3
.
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(, ) . , .
: ' ', 'X=',' ..'.
7.3.
- , . ( ).
.
(a,...,z, A,...,Z,_). , , (0,1,...,9). .
, 63 .
. , a,...,z A,...,Z. , end , End END.
.
, (.3).
7.4.
Turbo Pascal .
, , ().
const .
:
const
mile=1750;
foot=12;
pi=3.1415926;
name=' ..'
,
.
, .. (integer, real, char). .
var .
:
var
a,b,c:real;
m,n:integer;
name,f:char;
a,b,c (real), m,n - , name f - .
, , .
7.5.
() , .
.
, .
( 7.6).
.1
1
--------------T------------T-----------------------------------
-
Turbo
Pascal
+-------------+------------+-----------------------------------+
Abs(x)
x*x Sqr(x)
sin x Sin(x)
cos x Cos(x)
Exp(x)
( (2,718))
arctg x ArcTan(x)
ln x Ln(x)
vx Sqrt(x)
Trunc(x)
Round(x)
Frac(x)
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Int(x)
Odd(x) ,
Pi
L-------------+------------+------------------------------------
.
Turbo Pascal (Sin, Cos Arctg). :
Tg(x)=Sin(x)/Cos(x);
Ctg(x)=Cos(x)/Sin(x);
Csc(x)=1/Sin(x);
Sc(x)=1/Cos(x);
Arcsin(x)=ArcTan(x/Sgrt(1-Sgr(x));
Arccos(x)=Pi/2-Arcsin(x);
Arcctg(x)=Pi/2-ArcTan(x).
""
Log (x)=Ln(x)/Ln(a)
7.6.
(, , ), . . .
+
-
*
/
DIV
MOD
.
1. .
: a/(b+c), (x*x*x-b*c)/(a+d)
2. . , .
: a*(-3)
3. :
1) ;
2) ;
3) .
(* / + -).
: a*b-c/Sgrt(x)
:
1. .
2. b.
3. .
4. .
4. .
: a*(b-c*(d+e))
5. () ().
6. .
7. a , - , Exp(x*Ln(a)), , , .. >0.
8. Turbo Pascal
: , .
8.1.
. ":=" ( ).
:
:=;
, , .
:
:=20.5;
x:=0.5; x:=x+2; b:=x;
c:=sqr(x)+5.8; name:=' ..'
: - , - - .
8.2.
Write Writeln. : real, integer char.
:
Writeln(a1,a2,...,an);
Write(a1,a2,...,an);
Writeln;
a1,a2,...,an - .
:
- , (5,-34,325.6);
- ('a','z');
- ('','x=');
- (e=2.718,name=' ..');
- (,b,c);
- (a+b-c,3*a-sin(c)).
. . Writeln.
, Write.
Writeln; .
:
Writeln(a,b,c,d); { }
Write(c,q,t); { }
Writeln('a=',a,'b=',b,' ',a*b);
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8.3.
, . .
:
Readln(a1,a2,...,an); { }
Read(a1,a2,...,an); { }
Readln; { }
a1,a2,...,an. .
Enter.
Readln; .
:
Read(a,b);
Readln(c,d,e,f);
9.
:
1. .
2. , .
.
.
. .
9.1.
1.
1.1. : a, b, c.
1.2. , .
:
x - ;
y - .
x=(a+b+c)/3
y=(a*b*c)^(1/3)
1.3. :a>0,b>0,c>0.
1.4. x,y.
2.
---1--------
------T-----
-----2--+------- --
+- - -+
L-
3
a,b,c
L-------T--------
-----4--+-------
x=(a+b+c)/3
L-------T--------
-----5--+-------
y=(a*b*c)^(1/3)
L-------T--------
-----6--+-------
x,y
---7--+------
-------------
3.
{ .
..
03.08.1995 }
Program sarig;
var
a,b,c,x,y:real;
Begin
Writeln(' a,b,c');{ , }
Readln(a,b,c);{ a,b,c}
Writeln('a=',a:4:1,' ':3,'b=',b:5:2,' ':3,'c=',c:4:1);{ }
x=(a+b+c)/3;{ }
y=exp(1/3*ln(a*b*c));{ y}
Writeln(' =',x:6:2);{ }
Writeln(' =',y:6:2) { y}
end.
9.2. ,
: , , . . , Turbo Pascal 6.0.
9.2.1.
Turbo Pascal . :
- Alt-F-N;
- Alt-F-O. ;
- F10. File. Enter. New Open Enter.
.
, . Enter.
.
, , , Enter. , , , . .
, Ctrl-Y.
, , , ( <0> (<Ins>)) . , . , , Insert -.
, <.> (<Del>). , .
9.2.2.
.
:
- F2;
- Alt-F-S;
- F10, File Enter, Save Enter.
, , . .
9.2.3.
Ctrl-F9. , , .
, , .
.
Writeln :
a,b,c
Readln a,b c.
, . :
5 3.41 15.8 Enter
:
--------------------------------------------------------
,
.
L--------------------------------------------------------
Writeln .
:
a= 5.0 b= 3.41 c=15.8
, x y.
T Writeln :
=...( )
Writeln :
=...( )
Edit. Output. Edit Output. Alt-F5. .
10.
1. TURBO PASCAL.
2. .
3. PASCAL, .
4. , .
5. TURBO PASCAL TP Enter.
TURBO- TURBO PASCAL, .1.
:
-------------------------------------------------------
-
F1 (Help-).
Esc.
L-------------------------------------------------------
6. .
.
:
- F10 ;
- File c Enter;
- New Open c Enter. New, NONAME00.PAS ( ). Open, , Enter.
:
- F3. "Open a file";
- NAME Enter.
:
- Alt-F;
- N. NONAME00.PAS ( ). .
7. F2. , Enter.
.
:
-------------------------------------------------------
, :
L-------------------------------------------------------
8.
Ctr-F9.
9. () ( Readln
.), . , .
10.
10. -
Alt-F5. .
11. ,
( 8),
.
12. , Esc, 8. .
13. :
- ;
- F10 ;
- File, Print Enter.
.
14. :
- .
:
Uses Printer;
- Write Writeln . :
Writeln(' PASCAL');- , , Writeln(lst,' PASCAL');- , .
15., . Ctr-F9. . .
16. TURBO PASCAL Alt-X.
17. .
11.
1. .
2. TURBO PASCAL.
3. .
4. .
5. Turbo Pascal.
6. .
7. .
8. .
9. PASCAL.
10. .
11. .
12. .
12.
1. TURBO PASCAL.
2. .
3. .
4. .
5. .
6. PASCAL.
7. .
8. . .
9. . .
10. . .
1. .., .. Turbo Pascal. -. .-.:- ,1992.
2. .. TURBO PASCAL - .-.: ,1992.
3. .., .., .. " ", 1, ,1990.
