.
1.1. .
Pk = Ft ∙ V, (1.1)
Pk ,
Ft ,
V , /
Pk = 2,8*0,45=1,26 ()
1.2. .
, [1,.7]
- , [1,c.7]
- , [1,c.7]
- , [1,c.7]
1.3. .
, (1.3)
,
1.4. .
, (1.4)
1.5.
(1.5)
,
100L8
=1,5
d=28
1.7. .
(1.6)
, -1
- , -1
-
1.8. .
1=, ()
2=1 , ()
, ()
1=1,5 ()
2=1,5*0,95*0,99=1,41 ()
3=1,41*0,97*0,99=1,35 ()
4=1,35*0,98*0,99=1,31 ()
1.9. .
n1=n, (-1)
, (-1)
, (-1)
(-1)
n1=702 (-1)
n2=702/4,08=172,06 (-1)
n3=172,06/8=21,51 (-1)
n4=21,51 (-1)
1.10. .
(*) (1.7)
i ,
ni , -1
1.11. .
d1=d, ()
,() (1.8)
, *
]-
d1=28
P1=1, 5
n1=702 -1
i.=4,08
2.1 [3,.289]
0: h=6
b0=10
bp=8,5
lp min=400
lp max=3150
dp min=63
A=47*10-6 2
q=0,06 /
2.2 .
P0=P/z,
0 ,
z , z=1-2
P0=0,7
d1=112 [3,c.290]
d1
2.3 .
d2=d1*i, (2.1)
d2-
d2=112*4,08=456,96
d2=460
2.4 .
≈ 0,95d2 = 0/95*460 = 437
-
2.5 .
L ≈ 2∙a+0,5∙π∙ (d2+d1) + (2.2)
L = 2∙437+0,5∙3,14∙ (460+112) +
L=2000 [3,c.288]
|
|
2.6 .
(2.3)
521,98 ≈
≈522
2.7 , .
2(d1+d2) ≥ a ≥ 0,55(d1+d2)+h, (2.4)
h , h=6 [3,c.288]
2(112+460) ≥ ≥ 0,55(112+460)+6
1144 > 522 > 320,6
2.8 .
= 180-57 , (2.5)
-
= 180-57 = 141,81
= 141,81 ≥ 120
2.9 ,
(2.6)
- [3,c.289],
[3,.289],
- [3,.291],
- [3,.291],
2.10
(2.7)
,[3,.290],
2.11
, (2.8)
V-, /
=4,11 (/)
Fv = ρ*A*V2, (2.9)
Fv ,
ρ ,[3,.291], ρ=1250 /3
,[3,.288], = 47*10-6 2
Fv = 1250*47*10-6*4,112=0,99 ()
, (2.10)
=120,95()
2.12 , .
, (2.11)
-
.
=19,095
, (2.12)
.
2.13 ,
Fr = Fr 2Fv*z (2.13)
Fr = 685,8-2*0,99*3=679,86
2.14 .
=*k1*k2 , (2.14)
, [3,.291], = 2000
k1 - ,[3,c.289], k1=1
k2 , [3,.291], k2=1
=2000 .
.
3=601,65 *
d3=52
d4=52
3.1 , .
=k*3, (3.1)
k , [4,.349], k=1,11,3
Tk=1,1*601,65=661,815 (*)
, >.
3.2 - 21425-93. =710 *.
d3=52
d4=52
ze=8
3.3
, (3.2)
- ,
,
- ,
, ,
- .
D0=D*1,5d0=190-1,5*36=136 (3.3)
d=18, [4,c.424]
l=36, [4,c.424]
D=190 , [4,c.422]
[σ]=2, [4,c.416]
.
3.4 .
, (3.4)
- , [4,c.422], c=5 .
[σ]=0,5*σ, (3.5)
σ , [σ]=200 , [4,.424]
[σ]=100, [4,.424].
28-
: .. :
: 09--3 :
:
.
: , , , , .
:
Ft=2,8 , ;
D=400 , ;
V=0,45 , /.
|
|
:
1. .
2. .
3. .
2.15 .
(2.15)
- ,
d ,
d=d1=28 .
.
d=1,5d+10, (2.16)
d ,
d=1,5*28+10=52 .
de=dp+2b, (2.17)
de ,
b- 2,5 , [1,c.319]
de=112+5=117
2.16.
(2.15)
- ,
d ,
d=d2=26 .
.
d=1,5d+10, (2.16)
d ,
d=1,5*26+10=49 .
de=dp+2b, (2.17)
de ,
b- 2,5 , [1,c.319]
de=460+5=465
4. .
:
1=76,4 * 2=601,65 *
1=1,41 2=1,35
n1=172,06 -1 n2=21,51 -1
u=8
4.1.
40
:
σ1=850
σ1=550
1=250 [3,.170,.8.7.]
40
:
σ2=850
σ2=550
2=230 [3,.170,.8.7.]
4.2.
)
, (4.1)
- [3,.176,.8.8.]
- , , [3,.176,.8.8.]
- , [3,.177]
, (4.2)
[3,.176, .8.8]
- , = 1,75, [3,.176, .8,8]
- , = 1, [3,.177]
- , , = 1 ( ), [3,.182]
=1,8*1
, (4.3)
, [3,.176, .8.8]
- , = 1,75, [3,.176, .8,8]
- , = 1, [3,.177]
- , , = 1 ( ), [3,.182]
=1,8*2
(4.4)
u ;
- ;
, (4.5)
1, 2 , .
=2,1*105 [3,.143]
2 , *
- ; , [3,.136]
- . , [3,.143,.8.4]
, (4.6)
- .
.
4.4.
(4.7)
4.5.
, (4.8)
- , [3,.144,.8.5]
m = 88/30 = 2,93
m =2,5 . [3,.122,.8.1]
4.6. , .
, (4.9)
, (4.10)
, (4.11)
;
- ;
- .
4.7.
) ;
, (4.12)
di ()
d1=2,5*18=45
d2=2,5*142=355
)
, (4.13)
dia ()
) :
, (4.14)
dif ().
4.8.
, (4.15)
1 , *
|
|
- .
(=0),
( =20,
- .
= β*V, (4.16)
V
β
, (4.17)
9 [3,.125,.8.2]
HV = 1,06
= 1,08*1,06=1,14
*
:
4.9.
, (4.18)
m ;
- ;
- ;
- , .
Z1 Z2 YF1 YF2. , :
. [3,.140,.8.20]
.
. YF =4,25
KF = KFβ*KFV, (4.19)
KF ,
KFβ , [3,.136,.8.15], KFβ=1,17
KFV , [3,.138,.8.3], KFV=1,11
KF = 1,17*1,11=1,29
Ft = 2T1/d1 (4.20)
Ft =2*76.4*103/45=3395,6
4.10.
)
, (4.21)
)
Fr = Ft*tgαw, (4.22)
Fr = 3395,6*0,3639=1235,66
)
Ft = 2T1/d1
Ft =3395,6
5. .
5.1. .
5.1.1. .
S= 2 [], (5.1)
S= 2 []. S = 8 []
5.1.2. .
S1 = (0,8...0,85)*S ≥ 8[] (5.2)
S1 = 0,85 * 8 = 6.8 [] S1 = 8 []
5.1.3. .
S2= (1,55...1,65) * S, [] (5.3)
S2 = 1.5*8=12[]
5.1.4. .
S3 = (2...2,5)*S, [] (5.4)
S3 =2, 5* 8= 20 []
5.1.5. .
d = (0,029...0,031) * + 6, [] (5.5)
d= 0,03* 220 + 6=12,6 [].
7796-70: d = 16 - 6g[1,.483]
5.1.6. .
d1 = (0,032...0,034) * + 9, [] (5.6)
d1 = 0,033 * 220 + 9 = 16,26 []
7796-70: d1 = 20 6g
[1,.483]
5.1.7. .
d2 = (0,036...0,04) * +12, [] (5.7)
d2 = 0,04 * 220 + 12 = 20,8 []
7796-70: d2= 24 6g
[1,.483]
5.1.8. .
d = (0,7...0,8) * d, []. (5.8)
d = 0,8 * 12 = 9,6 []
7796-70: d = 10 [],
[1,.480]
5.2. .
5.2.1. .
d3=52 [],
d = d3 + (57), (5.9)
d , [1,.473]
d3 ,
d=52+6=58
8752-79: d=58 .
d = d + (57), (5.10)
d , [1,.459]
d = 58+7=65
8338-75: d = 65 [],
d =d + (57), (5.11)
d ,
d =65+ 5=70
d = d + (57), (5.12)
d ,
d = 70+ 5=75
l = l (510), (5.13)
l , [1,.476]
l , [1,.476]; l=45
l = 45 5=40
l = 40 . [2,.459]
5.2.2. - .
d 2 = 26[],
d = d2 + (57), (5.14)
d , [1,.473]
|
|
d2 ,
d=26+6=32
d=32 .
d = d + (57), (5.15)
d , [1,.459]
d = 32+3=35
d=35 .
d = d + (57), (5.16)
d ,
d = 35+5=40
df1 , df1 = 38,75
d1 , d1 = 45
da1 , da1 = 50
m - , m = 2,5
b - , b = 88
b1 = b + 5
b1=88+5=93
l = l (510), (5.17)
l , [1,.476]
l , [1,.476]; l=18
l = 18 6=12
l = 12 .
5.3. .
. 5.1. ,
, 5.2. ,
. 5.3. ,
. 5.4. ,
. 5.5. ,
. 5.6. .
. 5.7. ,
. 5.8. ,
.5.9. ,
.5.10. .
5.4. .
df2 = 348,75
d2 = 355
d2 = 360
b = 88
m = 2,5
l = (11,5)*d, (5.18)
l - ,
d , d =70
l = 1,5*70=105
d = 1,5*d+10, (5.19)
d - ,
d = 1,5*70+10 = 115
S=2,5m+2, (5.20)
S = 2,5*2,5+2=8,25
= (0,340,4)*b, (5.21)
=0,4*88=35,2
5.5. .
1
D | 5062 | 6395 | 100145 | 150220 |
δ | ||||
d | ||||
z |
D - ,
δ -,
d ,
z - .
.
D , [1,.167]
d=35 ; D =72
δ , [1,.167], δ=6
d , [1,.167], d = 8
z , [1,.167], z = 4
d1 = d+1, (5.22)
d1 - ,
d1 = 8+1=9
D1 = D+ (22,2)*d1, (5.23)
D1 =72+2*9=90
D2 = D + (44,4)*d1, (5.24)
D2 ,
D2 = 72+4*9=108
δ1 = 1,2 δ, (5.25)
δ1 ,
δ1 =1,2*6=7,2
.
-
d=32 , h=10 , D=72
d2=d + 4, (5.26)
d2 = 32+4=36
δ2 = 57
8. .
. , , , , , ...
.
8.1
[ ]-
[ ]=80150 (3,.90)
(8.1)
T-
d
-
l-
h-
8.2
, (8.2)
b-
[3,c 90]
, .
6. .
6.1. .
, , , , , .
6.2. v σ = 500,12 55*10-6 2/
6.3. .
:
V=(0,50,7)1 (6.1)
1 ,
1=1,41
V=0,5*1,41=0,705
, .
6.4. .
h=27
6.5.
V=l* b*h (6.2)
l
b-
V=5.04*1.3*0.27=1.77
h=27