:
4 ѻ;
4 As;
4 Ds
4 s
n 1990 . .
4 Cs .
:
1. Customer needs and wants .
2. Cost to consumer .
3. Convenience .
4. Communication - , .
4 Ps 4 Cs
| 4 Ps | 4 Cs |
| (4 Ps) | |
| (4 Ps) | (4 Cs) |
4 Ps 4 Cs
4 As
:
1. Acceptability - .
2. Affordability - , .
3. Availability - .
4. Awareness - , -.
4 Ds
2004 .
4 Ds :
1. data base management - ;
2. strategic design - ;
3. direct marketing - ;
4. differentiation - .
4 s
Ø .
Ø .
Ø .
Ø , .
Ø () .
4 Ps
Ø 4 Ps .
Ø / .
Ø .
Ø .
