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Perfect

Perfect to have + Participle II . Perfect , , . Present Perfect , .
Perfect , .
, . , , .

We have understood the teachers explanation. .
He has seen that new film. .

Present Perfect Tense

We have built the Kuibyshev hydroelectric station (and it exists now). ( ).

. Present Perfect Tense.
Present Perfect Tense to have Present Indefinite.
Present Perfect, , :

1) :

We have finished our assignment. .

2) , , : this year (month, week), , :

always
ever -
often
not yet
never
seldom
just

We have finished our assignment this week. .
I have never seen him. .

, , Perfect .

:

She has come. .
She has never come in time. .

, () Present Perfect, since for , . for .

I have been here since two oclock. .

 

Perfect
Infinitive Present Past Future
to have started I have started the motor. . I had started the motor before the engineer came. , . I shall have started the motor before the engineer comes. , .
to have written He has written exercises today. . We have just spoken about you. . He had written exercises by 5 oclock. . He will have writtenexercises by five oclock. 5 .
to have + Participle II . to have Present Indefinite + Participle II . to have Past Indefinite + Participle II . to have Future Indefinite + Participle II .

Past Perfect Tense

Past Perfect Tense , , after, when, before.
:

1) , (, , by)

2) , .

We had made our experiment by five p. m. 5 .
We had made our experiment before the professor came (before the professors coming). , ( ).

Future Perfect Tense

Future Perfect Tense , . , , . . by ().

They will have made their experiment by 7 oclock. .
They will have made their experiment before the professor comes. , .

. .

We shall apply this method, when the conditions arefavourable. , .
He will leave tonight if (provided) he gets a ticket. , ( , ) .

, , , , , , , .

Future Perfect if, when, before, after . Present Perfect, , - .

After I have read this book, I shall give it to you. , .

 



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