ϳ R S, :
Sp = 5.5 18660 = 102631 H.
2688-80 σ = 1666 , - 619 , d = 14,0 = 105000 H..
R = ,
, 5,63 > 5,5.
4.
, ,
-
D ≥ d.
- , , - 16, - 18, - 20.
D=1814,0=252;
. D = 280 ., (.3), .
l L, m, D d.
. 4.
, , m = 2,
L - , ,
L = + l.
l.- , , .
l.= 2πD
L = + 2πD = 3 40 + 2 π 0,28 = 121,76 ≈ 122
ϳ L l
.
³
.
, .
m = 3
,
, .
, , .
, :
,
t - ,
t = d + (3 4) .
δ = 0,02 D + (6 10) .
δ = 0,02 280 + 10 = 15,6 ≈ 16 .
d,
δ = d = 14,0 ≈ 15 .
, , , , , h = (22,5) d.
|
|
h = 2,0 d = 2,0 14,0 = 28,0 ≈ 30
ij :
D. = D + 2md + 2h
,
D. = 280 + 2314,0 + 230 = 424 .
D. = 430 .
() :
L = l + 2δ
L = 563 + 215 = 593 .
5.
:
,
S - , 18660 ;
V - , /;
η - ... .
V :
V = V,
- ( , 3);
V - ( , 0,5 /).
ϳ ,
V = 3 0,5 = 1,5 /.
... :
η = η = η η = 0,96 0,94 = 0,9.
η - ... , 0,96;
η - ... , 0,94.
ϳ ,
= 31100 = 31,1
.4, . 5 %. (=25%) 422583 N = 30 n= 730 -1.
= 247 .
L = 840 .
6. . :
-1
D - (. . 2).
D = D + 3 d = 280 + 3 14,0 = 322 = 0,322
89,01 ≈ 89 -1.
:
( 5 6) , , , , .
.6 , , (- 25%). , - 15 18 %.
2- 300 (. 3), :
ì = 8,32, , 750 -1 , - 40,3 . .7 :
. 3
: L = 620 , = 300 , = 362 , : = + , - 125 , - , 175 . : Z1= 28, Z2 = 59, Z3 = 20, Z4 = 79.
(. 3)
= 125 + 175 = 300 .
ϳ . :
,
3 - ;
|
|
S - S = 40 - 50 .
,
: ; ; .
,
512 > 500, ,
.
.
-1
, ,
V. = π D n. = 3,14 0,322 87,7 = 88,67 / = 1,478 /
,
/
³
ΔV =
.
7. .
, (. 4) (. 5).
, . 4, 1, 2 3 4 5.
, ( ) . , 1, 9 3 , 5, 3 10, . 1 2 4, . 3 6 . . , .
, 6 . 6 3 , 1. 4 5 , .
1 9, - 10. 5, 䳿 3 11. 4 8, 7.
. 4
, , 500 ͷ
6.
( 5) 12, 4 11. 3 1 5.
. 5
, 2 1. 2 , , , , . 3, 5. 5 4, 12. 5 7 8 . 9 , 8 , 5 6 . 1-1,5 . 7.
|
|
, , 12 , , .
, . , . () (. 6).
. .
:
= β, ͷ
- , , ͷ.
β - , , 1,15, 1,75, 2,0 .
, , :
,
. - ()
ϳ ,
= 618,1 ͷ (. 8; 9)
. 9 - 300. . 9 (. 5)
- 300
= 800
ij D = 300
= 803
= 508
: 1 = 205 , 2 = 230 , G = 390 , q = 60 , F1= 422 .
G = 100
- 45 450 .
. ' , . ( -) . 6.
(.10).
:
) ij .
. 6
) , , .
.
. 10 = 618,1 D = 300 - 6 :
, = 700 ;
D = 300 ;
= 125 ;
D1 = 140 ;
d . = 35 ;
d.= 55;
L = 200 ;
G = 25,7
.
. , .
βo - .
,
, ,
[q] = 0.6 - 0.7 .
, .
2