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:




:

































 

 

 

 





2.

. .

, , :

:

. n n

.

, , . , = (4, 2, 5, 0, -2) ; , 5, -2.

,

(1.1),

(1.2)

(1.1) -, (1.2)--.

.

n - , :

n

=

, , :

=(0, 0, , 0).

:

.

: = .

k

.

. n , , n .

.

() .

.

1. 0,5 , 5 , 3 , 2 1,5 12, 11, 15, 30, 80 . . =(0,5; 5; 3; 2; 1,5) = (12; 11; 15; 30; 80), , , :

() = 0,5∙12+5∙11+3∙15+2∙30+1,5∙80=286 .

2. 300 000 . : 50 000 12%, 50 000 15%, 100 000 10% 100 000 20%.

= (50 000, 50 000, 100 000, 100 000), = (0,12; 0,15; 0,10; 0,20).

, :

() = 50 000∙0,12+50 000∙0,15+100 000∙0,10+100 000∙0,20 = 43 500 .

:

1. () = ().

2. (k ) =k ).

3. ( + ) =() + ().

4. () ≥ 0; () = 0 , - .

1. a = {1; 2} b = {4; 8}.

: a b = 1 4 + 2 8 = 4 + 16 = 20.

2. a b, |a| = 3, |b| = 6, 60˚.

: a b = |a| |b| cos α = 3 6 cos 60˚ = 9.

3. p = a + 3b q = 5a - 3 b, |a| = 3, |b| = 2, a b 60˚.

:

p q = (a + 3b) (5a - 3b) = 5 a a - 3 a b + 15 b a - 9 b b =

= 5 |a|2 + 12 a b - 9 |b|2 = 5 32 + 12 3 2 cos 60˚ - 9 22 = 45 +36 -36 = 45.





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