.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


-able, -ous, -ful, -less




1.

.

can, may, must 5. ? .

, , . , can may (could, might), must .

.

1. to be able , ( able ). :

I am able = I can
I was able = I could
I shall be able

: to be unable - . :

I was unable to see him. .

unable .

2. to have, to be, ought, should, need. .

1) to have must, :

I have to do it = I must do it. .
I had to do it. .
I shall have to do it. .

2) to be . , , , .

I am to inform you
was to go to the south. .
What is to be done? ? ( ?)
You are not to say anything. .

3) ought [Lt] . , must. , must, . Ought , , . :

You ought to read more. ( ) .
Your brother ought to smoke less. .

4) should, 25, , , .

You should stop smoking. ( , ).

5) need [ni:d] .

Need you go so soon? ?
Need anybody know? , - ? ( )
You neednt (need not) go so early, need you? , ?
He neednt be told this. .
I neednt tell you that ,

, need , : I need, he need .. Present Indefinite.

(.. ) to need - , -, , .

He needs a dictionary. .
We do not need these cameras. .
Do we need these maps? ?

( ), .

He neednt be told. ( ).
He does not need to be told. ( )

3. , can (could), may (might), must, should, need. must, should , , can (could), may (might) .

It could be so. , .
It may not be true. , (, , ).
I might be wrong. ( , ).
You must be cold. , , .
That should be the book you are looking for. , , , .
That neednt be so. ( ).

.

can, must, may, should, need to, to be, to have ought .

2. as

as . , , . .

as -
Do as I tell you. ,
As you see, I am busy. , .
As a scientist, he could not agree. , ( ).
as ,
As I was busy I could not see him. , .
as -
As the ship was coming in the port the sun rose. , .
as as - ;
is as tall as his brother. ( ), .

 

as as , . :

I shall ask him as soon as he comes. , ( , ) .
I shall walk with you as far as the station. .
I need as much as a hundred roubles. ( , ) .
I have as many friends as you have. ( ) , .
was there as long as three hours. 3 ( , ).

 

As long as :
As long as we have enough fuel, the engine will work. , .
As long as you are here, lets discuss the plan. , .
as well as : , ; :
works as well as you do. , .
The book has been translated into English as well as into several other languages, , .
as if, as though :
They looked as if they were busy. , .
The water was cold as though it was not the Black Sea but the White Sea. , , .
as for, as to -
As to the picture, I do not like it. , .
As for me, I will help them. , .

:

As you know, he speaks several foreign languages. Let us find the bodys weight as well as its size. I am speaking as your friend. As for this map, you may keep it. Have you really learned as many words as you say? The translation is very good as there are no mistakes in it. He stopped the car as soon as he saw the red light. Her sight is very good, she can see as far as the next bridge. As soon as he comes, tell him to start work. He looks as if he did not like our plan. As for me, I have done everything I could.

-able, -ous, -ful, -less

.

1) -able able , . -.

 

remark remarkable

change changeable

apply applicable

 

-able un-. -.

untranslatable

undrinkable ()

unthinkable

2) -ous :

mountain mountainous

volume voluminous

vary various

3) -ful -less full less . , : ful , a less - -. :

use , useful , useless

faith , faithful , faithless ()

law , lawful , lawless

-ry, -ize (-ise)

-ry : chemistry , geometry .., , .

machine machinery ,

peasant peasantry

slavery slave .

-ize (-ise) . -, -.

organ to organize

industry , industrial , to industrialize

( .)

FOLLOW NORTH STAR

 

In North America slavery existed in the southern states until 1865, while in the northern states there was no slavery at that time. Negro slaves who lived in the South often wanted to escape to the North. To do so (1), they had to have conductors. These conductors usually were other slaves, who had escaped.

They organized a system called the Underground Railroad. It was not really a railroad, as the slaves had to walk all the way. It was not even a road, but a system under which the Negroes were able to escape across the Mason and Dixon line (2) into the free states. There were stations on the underground, often in the homes of white people who were helping the slaves.

In 1850, however, a cruel law was passed (3) under which escaped slaves were to be returned to their former owners.

You will now read an article about one of these courageous conductors. It is a life story of a remarkable woman called Harriet ['hxriqt] Tubman ['tAbmqn].

Harriet Tubman was the most courageous and best conductor on the dangerous Underground Railroad. She never lost a passenger. As long as the North Star shone, she said, it could lead any party of slaves to the northern states.

The Underground Railroad, as you know, was a wonderfully connected secret road by which slaves escaped to freedom. In many places, good friends, both Negro and white, gave them food and money and helped them on their way.

To be a conductor was the most dangerous job of all, because in leading other slaves to freedom the conductors might lose their own lives (4). Harriet Tubman went back nineteen times and led hundreds of people to freedom.

When Harriet was only five years old, she already had to work hard in the fields under the hot sun of the South, and was beaten cruelly, as all the slaves were.

One night she ran away and slowly made her way up North (5). This is now she felt when she reached the Mason and Dixon line: When I found I had crossed that line, I looked at my hands to see if I was the same person. There was such a glory over everything. The sun came like gold through the trees, and I felt as if I was in heaven.

Harriet Tubman decided to help as many of her brothers and sisters to freedom (6) as she could. So she worked hard to earn money and every time she had saved up a little, she went back and brought some more slaves out of the South.

Many times she was in great danger and was nearly caught. Once she came face to face with her former owner. She had two chickens in her arms. Quickly she dropped the chickens, and as they ran about, Harriet bent her head and ran after them, as if she wanted to catch them.

The owner could not see her face and she got away safely.

Such a loved leader was Harriet Tubman that she was called General Tubman.

Harriet Tubman worked all her life to help win full freedom for the Negro people. This small, very courageous woman died at 93 (7). Her name is know all over the world as one of the greatest of American women.

(1) to do so ( )

(2) Mason ['meisn] and Dixon ['diksn] line , , 304319″ . , 1763-1767 .

(3) a law was passed (. ). to pass , .

(4) lives [laivz] . life

(5) made her way up North

(6) to help to freedom

(7) at 93 93 ( )

already [ o:l'redi ]
article [ 'a:tikl ]
beat [ bi:t ]
bend [ bend ] (), ()
brother [ 'brADq ]
chicken [ 'Cikin ] ,
conductor [ kqn'dAktq ]
courageous [ kq'reiGqs ] ,
cross [ krOs ] ,
cruel [ kruql ]
danger [ 'deinGq ]
dangerous [ 'deinGqrqs ]
decide [ di'said ]
die [ dai ]
earn [q:n ]
exist [ ig'zist ]
follow [ 'fOlou ] ()
food [ fu:d ]
former [ 'fO:mq ] ,
glory [ 'glO:ri ]
gold [ gould ]
heaven [ hevn ]
job [ GOb ] , ,
lead [ li:d ] ,
leader [ 'li:dq ] , ,
lose [ lu:z ] ,
love [ lAv ] ,
money [ 'mAni ]
name [ neim ]
Negro [ 'ni:grou ] ,
organize [ 'O:gqnaiz ]
party [ 'pa:ti ]
passenger [ 'pxsinGq ]
railroad [ 'reilrqud ]
return [ ri'tq:n ] ()
road [ rqud ]
safely [ 'seifli ] ,
save [ seiv ] ,
save up  
secret [ 'si:krit ] , ,
shine [ Sain ]
sister [ 'sistq ]
slave [ sleiv ] ,
slavery [ 'sleivqri ]
star [ sta: ]
story [ 'stO:ri ] ,
system [ 'sistim ]
until [ An'til ] ,
walk [ wO:k ] ,
win [ win ] , ,
wonderfully [ 'wAndqfuli ] ,

, . conductor, conduct , -or. , conductor - , : Iron is a good conductor. .

safe . money, story, brother, sister, cross, to beat , , , , , , beat . cross across, , ( 15), .. -, . , crossword , : cross , word ( , , ).

railroad rail road . 5 - railway.

hard , hard - , ( 10).

to love to like ( 8), . , . We love our Motherland I like this story - .

to save safe , . Dangerous wonderfully danger wonder .

1. , . , :

power, powerful, powerless; name, nameless; star, starry, starless; conquer, conqueror, unconquerable; mistake, unmistakable; help, helpless, helpful; win, winner; bottom, bottomless; air, airless; follow, follower; blood, bloody, bloodless; child, childless; class, classless; friend, friendly, unfriendly, friendless; fruit, fruitful, fruitless; noise, noisy, noiseless; sleep, sleepy, sleepless; land, landless; life, lifeless; gas, gaseous; wind, windy, windless; sun, sunny, sunless; tooth, toothless; smoke, smoker, non-smoker, smokeless; job, jobless; faith, unfaithful; law, unlawful; method, unmethodical; possible, impossible; translate, translator

2. 5 :

slave-owner, crossroad, book-lover, story-teller, lamplight, starlight, roadside, money-bag, money-box, safety-lamp, gold-field, goldfish, starfish, a heavenly body, name-day, sunshine

3. , , :

already, bend, job, lead, money, name, rain, saved, until, walk

I cannot buy this book, I have not enough . What is the of this gas? Shall we or go by car? My brothers life was in danger; but the doctors him. Tomorrow it will again. They a busy life. Can you this piece of iron? My sister likes her; she is a teacher. He was working his father told him to stop. The picture has been bought.

4. 7 :

go, return, exist, love, road, be, job, railroad, go back, way, work, like, railway, walk

5. 10 :

cruel, safe, die, follow, freedom, cold, find, best, kind, lead, dangerous, white, rapidly, live, lose, worst, slavery, hot, black, slowly

6. as, as .

7. . , .

8. :

They will be able to see this star by telescope. They had to remain there until the end of the month. We had to decide. I had to earn more money. My brother was to return the next day. He had to tell us his name. We shall have to walk, as there is no railroad. We shall be able to buy some food at the next station. Will your sister be able to find the road?

I. :

Harriet had to run away from the slave-owner. She was able to lead nineteen parties of slaves across the line. She was to cross the Mason and Dixon line at night. Her former owner was unable to see her. You will be able to read the story of this courageous leader. We ought to know more about her.

II. , . to, :

They must invite our friend. You must save him. She must follow our example. The boy must take this job. You can read this story. We can walk all the way. You can earn enough money. They could follow you. They could get enough food. They could easily return. She cannot tell us.

III. . II .

IV. :

As long as I understand you it does not matter that your English is not perfect. I shall come as soon as I can. They had to walk as far as the bridge. Harriet crossed the Mason and Dixon line as many as 19 times. As the best conductor on the secret Underground Railroad, she did much to help her people win freedom. As an escaped slave, she was in great danger. He was very busy all day, as well as half the evening.

V. :

beat, love, bend, walk, cruel, already, gold, shine, win, follow, money, road, die, food, article, danger, exist, return, star, until, former, name, brother, story, job, decide, earn, sister, railroad, glory, safe, lose, slave, lead, leader, save, wonderful

VI. , :

, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,

10 , 15 . 5, 14 15 . , .

I. ( ) . () 19 . - . (). . .

II. They will have to invite . You will have to save . She will have to follow . The boy will have to take . You will be able to read . We shall be able to walk . You will be able to earn . They will be able to follow. They will be able to get. They will be able to return easily. She will be unable to tell us.

III. They had to invite . You had to save him. She had to follow. The boy had to take.

IV. () , , . , ( ). () . - () 19 . , , . () . , .





:


: 2016-12-18; !; : 442 |


:

:

,
==> ...

1552 - | 1534 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.064 .