How to lie and not look as though you are lying ( , , ) 17.05.2010 : http://www.telegraph.co.uk
10-minute body language. This week: ways totell if someone is lying.
10 . : , -
lie [laɪ] ,
though [ðəu] (.) ; ; -
Its hard work. I enjoy it though. , , , .
tell [tel] to know something or be able to recognize something because of certain signs that show this (, )
you can always tell him by his voice
Society would quickly collapse were it not for the dozens of tiny lies we permit ourselvesevery day. Mostly we use this for simple good manners. For instance, when breaking up with a partner, we reassure them that Its not you, its me, when in reality it most certainlyis them.
, , . . , , - , - , - .
Grammar:
my, our, your, him, her, it, them one self -selves .
, , (, ):
He bought himself a fishing rod .
collapse [kə'læps] if a system, idea, or organization collapses, it suddenly fails or becomes too weak to continue (, ):
The luxury car market has collapsed
tiny ['taɪnɪ] ,
permit ['pɜːmɪt] [pə'mɪt]- ,
Children are not permitted in without their parents. .
simple used to emphasize that only one thing is involved
The simple fact is, hes not very good at his job.
good manners ['mænə] ;
break up [breɪk] ( ) , ( )
I know that they are breaking up. , .
reassure [riə'ʃuə] , ,
We reassured them that we would not be late. , .
most certainly
We all learn to lie at such a young age: every parent will recognise the moment where a child first puts their hand to their mouth before stating a blatant lie. From that moment, we get steadily better at lying as we grow older, gradually refining our technique until by fulladulthood we are all experts in the art of deception.
: , , . , , , , , .
Grammar:
, -, -er, -ow, :
Old older
My lder brother graduated from University of Oxford. .
:
good better
bad worse
little less
( more: more beautiful)
blatant ['bleɪt(ə)nt] ,
a blatant lie
refine [rɪ'faɪn] , ,
adulthood [ə'dʌlthud] ,
Of all human social behaviours, it is perhapsthe hardest to detect. That said, there arevarious things we can look out for to help us know when someone is lying.
, , , . , , , - .
perhaps [pə'hæps], [præps] , ,
Will you come? Perhaps. ? .
detect [dɪ'tekt] ,
I could detect no trace of forgiveness in her eyes. .
that said , -
look out for (. .) -, - -
Look out for the bus stop near the coffee bar .
Grammar:
there are there is , , - - - :
There are four cats in the room. .
Are they just nervous?
Lying can have very similar symptoms to anxiety. In many situations when we mightbe tempted to lie, we can also simply be nervous trying to cover up our mistakes orwoo a possible partner. The trick is to establish what a persons baseline behaviour is, and then look for deviations. If someone is normally relaxed, then blinking and quick eye movement, licking of the lips and touching of the face can all denote lying.
?
. , , . , . - , , , .
they used when talking about someone who may be male or female, to avoid saying he or she:
Every child, whoever they are, deserves to have a mum and a dad.
Grammar:
may might [maɪt].
anxiety[æŋ(g)'zaɪətɪ] ,
tempt [tempt] ,
to tempt the appetite
cover up ['kʌvə] ,
Frank laughed to cover his anxiety. , .He tried to cover up his guilt by lying. .
woo[wuː] (old-fashioned) to try to persuade a woman to love you and marry you (; )
deviation[ˌdiːvɪ'eɪʃ(ə)n]
lick ,
Covering up
Look for gestures that suggest hiding the face or body. Touching the nose is a classic symptom of anxiety. Bill Clinton, when testifying before a grand jury about his relationship with Monica Lewinsky, adopted neutral body language when giving obviously true answers. But when he was being quizzedmore exactly, he touched his nose every four minutes, or 26 times.
, . . , , , . , 4 26 .
gesture ['ʤesʧə]
imperious gesture
suggest [sə'ʤest] , ,
She suggested a visit to the shop. a .
hiding ['haɪdɪŋ] , ; ,
testify ['testɪfaɪ] , ,
quiz [kwɪz] to ask someone a lot of questions (; ; , . ; )
Grammar:
Past Continuous Tense , , to be was / were + being + (Past Participle Participle II).
Excessive fidgeting
Look for scratching or fiddling with clothing. If you are lying and want to disguise it, keep your eyes and your hands calm withoutseeming unnatural. Nobody looks as nervous as somebody trying not to.
. , . , .
excessive [ɪk'sesɪv], [ek-]
fidget['fɪʤɪt] to keep moving your hands or feet, especially because you are bored or nervous (, )
Stop fidgeting with your pens!
fiddle['fɪdl] to keep moving and touching something, especially because you are bored or nervous ( ):
Stop fiddling, will you!
disguise [dɪs'gaɪz] ,
The boys disguised their laziness with a show of hard work whenever the teacher looked their way. , , , .
calm [kɑːm] ,
seeming ['simɪŋ] ; ,
Grammar:
, .
nobody .
Smiling through
Despite the image of the grinning liar, studies have found that people smile more when they are telling the truth.
, , , .
through[θruː] during and to the end of a period of time ( ):
The cold weather continued through the spring.
despite [dɪ'spaɪt] , -.
despite our pleadings
grin [grɪn] to smile widely ( )
She grinned approbation. .
liar ['laɪə]
Grammar:
The Present Continuous Tense , . to be a to -ing ( Present Participle Participle I).
Trust your instinct
We are often more adept at lie-detection intuitively than scientifically. In the end, the old adage is probably correct: if you suspect someone is lying, they probably are.
, . , , : , - , , .
adage ['ædɪʤ] , , ,
probably ['prɔbəblɪ] , ,
How to communicate with confidence ( )
The secret to all communication is making your point clearly and effectively. Whether you arenegotiating a pay raise or arguing with a loved one, you always need to make clear what it is that youre saying.
, . , , , , .
negotiate [nɪ'gəuʃɪeɪt], [-sɪ-] to discuss something in order to reach an agreement, especially in business or politics ( , )
The government refuses to negotiate with terrorists.
raise [reɪz] (AmEn) an increase in the money you earn (= rise BrEn) ( )
The railworkers were offered a 3% pay rise.
Your body is as important as your voice for doing this. How you carry and present yourself can make the difference between somebodymerely letting your voice wash over them, or truly understanding and responding to you. Here are a few pointers to help you ensure that you say what you really want to say every time.
, . , , - . , , , .
merely ['mɪəlɪ] ,
Were merely good friends.
wash over somebody [wɔʃ...] (phrasal verb) if you let something wash over you, you do not pay close attention to it ( -. ):
She was content to let the conversation wash over her.
pointer ['pɔɪntə] a useful piece of advice or information that helps you to do or understand something (= tip)
Ralph gave me some pointers on my golf swing.
Be confident
.
Others wont take you seriously if you dont look like you are taking yourself seriously to begin with. Allow your physical presence to echo the impression you want to make with your words.
, , , , . , .
presence the ability to appear impressive to people because of your appearance or the way you behave (, ):
a man of great presence
To create an impression of confidence you should stand or sit firmly, without swaying orfidgeting. Keep your head still and your back straight and even lean slightly forward and whoever youre talking to will know that you feel sure in what you are saying.
, , . , , , , , , , .
sway [sweɪ] to move slowly from one side to another:
The trees swayed gently in the breeze.
fidget ['fɪʤɪt] to keep moving your hands or feet, especially because you are bored or nervous:
The kids had started to fidget.
Use your hands
As every good politician knows, the way you use your hands can be as important as what you say. David Cameron has studied Tony Blairs emphatic style, thrusting the back of one hand into the palm of the other topunctuate his points convincingly.
, , , , . , , .
emphatic [ɪm'fætɪk], [em-] expressing an opinion, idea etc in a clear, strong way to show its importance (; ):
an emphatic denial
thrust [θrʌst] to push something somewhere roughly (, ):
She thrust a letter into my hand.
punctuate ['pʌŋkʧueɪt], [-tju-]
convincing [kən'vɪn(t)sɪŋ] making you believe that something is true or right ():
convincing evidence of his guilt
Gordon Brown, by contrast, looks much more at sea, and often rearranges his hands nervously while hes speaking.
, , .
(all) at sea confused or not sure what to do ( , , - ):
Living in a foreign country can mean youre always at sea about whats going on.
Make eye contact
The eyes are our most valuable tool when trying to get a point across. Eye contact plays a big part in striking rapport and establishing trust, while a lack of it can hinderyour message.
. , .
get across (phrasal verb) to succeed in communicating an idea or piece of information to someone, or to be communicated successfully ( )
We must get across the simple fact that drugs are dangerous.
rapport [ræ'pɔː] friendly agreement and understanding between people
rapport with/between ( , ) ( )
He had an excellent rapport with his patients.
lack [læk] when there is not enough of something, or none of it (= shortage) ()
new parents suffering from lack of sleep
hinder ['hɪndə] to make it difficult for something to develop or succeed (; ):
His career has been hindered by injury.
By maintaining eye contact with those youre addressing moving steadily from person to person if faced with a group you can control their attention. Make sure you are not staring you dont want to scare people off.
, , , , . , , .
maintain [meɪn'teɪn] to make something continue in the same way or at the same standard as before (, ):
Careers Officers maintain contact with young people when they have left school.
steady ['stedɪ] continuing or developing gradually or without stopping, and not likely to change ():
Paul is making steady progress.
Persevere [pɜ:sɪ'vɪə] , .
Do you have trouble making yourself understood?
The next time you are trying to persuade someone of something, consider the impression you are giving as you speak. Are your eyes wandering? Perhaps you keep crossing your legs or fidgeting with your clothes? Many of us get nervous when we speak and our body language becomes confused. The same thing can happen if we arent convinced by what we are saying.
trouble ['trʌbl]
persuade [pə'sweɪd]
consider [kən'sɪdə] ,
impression [ɪm'preʃ(ə)n]
wander ['wɔndə]
confused [kən'fjuːzd] ,
convinced [kən'vɪn(t)st] ,
Focus on the other person and imagine you are willing your point onto them. You will find that you instantly become much more convincing. Even if they disagree with what you are saying, the people you are talking to will know exactly what your point is. Of course, none of this will help if youre talking a lot of rubbish.
