Henri Fayol, the French management theorist working in the early part of last century, listed a number of functions or elements of management.
Planning,
This involves setting objectives and also the strategies, policies, programmes and procedures for achieving them. Planning might be done by line managers, who will be responsible for performance. However, advice on planning may also come from staff management who might have expertise in that area, even if they have no line authority. For example, a production manager may carry out human, resource planning in the production department, but use the skills of the personnel manager in planning recruitment for vacancies that may arise.
Organising
Managers set tasks which need to be performed if the business is to achieve its objectives. Jobs nerd to be organised within sections or departments and authority needs to be delegated so that jobs are carried out. For example, the goal of a manufacturing company may be to produce quality goods that will be delivered to customers on time. The tasks, such as manufacturing, packaging, administration, etc, that are part of producing and distributing the goods, need to be organised to achieve this goal.
Commanding
This involves giving instructions to subordinates to carry out tasks. The manager has the authority to make decisions and the responsibility to see tasks are carried out.
Co-ordinating
This is the bringing together of the activities of people within the business. Individuals and groups will have their own goals, which may be different to those of the business and each other. Management must make sure that there is a common approach, so that the company's goals are achieved.
Controlling
Managers measure and correct the activities of individuals and groups to make sure that their performance fits in with plans.
(Dave Kail, Rob Jones, Carlo Raffo. Business Studies. - Causeway Press, 1994)
II Vocabulary Notes
1. getting things done - ,
2. job holder(s) -
3. It could be argued [a:gju:d] that - . , ...
4. market [ma:kit] share [∫e∂] - ()
5. make sure [∫u∂] that - . ,
6. ensure [in∫u∂] that - . ()
7. corporate [ko:p∂rit] value (s) - .
()
8. general public - . ,
9. in the early part of last century -
10. quality [kwoliti] goods - ( )
11. common ['kom∂n] approach [∂'prout∫] - () (
)
III. Learn the following words and word combinations; 1. refer [ri'f: ∂] to - (...)
2. personnel [p∂:s∂'nel] manager -
3. managing director [di'rekt∂] - -
4. even though -
5. on behalf of [bi'haif] -
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6. senior [si:nj∂] - , -junior ['du:nj∂] -
7. accountable [∂'kaunt∂bl] to - ...
8. shareholder ['∫έhould∂] - ,
9. set objective(s) [ob'dektiv(z)] -
10. long term -
11. maintain [men'tern] (v) - ( )
12. dealing -
13. theorist ['θi∂rist] -
14. procedure [pr∂'si:d∂] - , ,
15. line manager -
16. staff [sta:f] management -
17. expertise [ekspe'tiz] - ,
18. line authority[o:θoriti] -
19. recruitment [ri'kru:tm∂nt] - ( )
20. arise [∂raiz], arose [∂'rouz], arisen [ ∂ 'tiz ∂ n] - ,
21. delegate ['deligeit] (v) authority -
()
22. commanding [k∂ma:ndrη] -
23. subordinate [s∂'bo:dmit] -
24. co-ordinate [kou'o:dineit] (v) - = bring together
25. fit in (v) with - ...,
IV.Give English-equivalents:
, , , , , , (), , , , , , (..), , , , , (), .
V. Match the words with the definitions
| 1. Recruit | A | To give part of your power or work to someone in lower position than you. |
| 2. Achieve | To appear from or out of a situation, event, etc | |
| 3. Delegate | To have the qualities that are suitable for a particular job, occasion, purpose, etc | |
| 4. Involve | D | To find new people to work in a company, do a job, join an organization, etc |
| 5. Carry out | E | To do smth. such as a piece of work, a duty or a ceremony |
| 6. Fit in (with) | F | To include something as a necessary part or result |
| 7, Arise | G | To succeed in doing smth. good or getting the result you wanted, after trying hard for a long time |
| 8. Perform | H | To do something that needs to be organized and planned |
VI. Make up sentences using the words given below
1. Performance, might, for, line, planning, who, be, managers, will, done,
responsible, will, by.
2. Company, is, delivered, of, time, quality, goal, to, goods, be, on,
manufacturing, produce, to, the, a, customers, to.
3. Employees, fits, measure, make, of, their, plans, to, correct, the, in, sure,
and, performance, that, with, activities, managers.
VII. Complete the following sentences, using suitable words and phrases given
below:
1. Authority needs to be... to line managers.
2. Planning involves and strategies for achieving them.
3. The term manager may... to a number of different people within a business.
4. This theorist.,, a lot of functions or elements of management.
5. This company sets long term... to capture new markets in Europe.
decide, setting programmes, objectives, delegated, correct, refer, listed, performed.
VIII. .
1. There is no need for the steamer to call at Tuapse.
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2. It was necessary for him to return immediately.
3. There is no reason for us to change the terms of payment.
4. There was no time for them to examine the goods that day.
5. It is too late for you to go there.
IX. , (Complex Object)
6. , .
7. , .
8. , .
9. , ?
10. , .
11. , .
12. , .
13. , .
