: www.elsevier.com/locate/ymben
Marina G. Kalyuzhnaya a,c, Aaron W. Puri b, Mary E. Lidstrom b,c,*
a , - , -, CA 92182-4614,
b , , WA 98195,
c , , , WA 98195,
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, , () . , /, , . , , . , . , . , - , , . , , . 2015 Engineering Society. Elsevier Inc. . |
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24 2014
26 2015
17 2015
28 2015
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* : +1 206 685 9210.
: [email protected] (M.E. Lidstrom).
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymben.2015.03.010
1096-7176/ 2015 International Metabolic Engineering Society. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
1.1.
, , . , . , - (Shindell et al., 2012), - , (Conrado and Gonzalez, 2014). . , .
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. 1 . -, (http://www.methanotroph.org), . , , .
: I (Gammaproteobacteria, I ; Anthony, 1982; Semrau et al., 2010), II (Alphaproteobacteria, II III; Dedysh et al., 2001) III (Verrucomicrobia, IV (Murrell and Jetten, 2009). I , - . -6- (Anthony, 1982; Semrau et al., 2010; Kalyuzhnaya et al., 2013). , -6-, "" , , - (Trotsenko and Murrell, 2008; Kalyuzhnaya et al., 2013). - , , Escherichia coli Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1 , .
() , (Semrau et al., 2010; Fig. 1)
, , . : (sMMO), , ( ) (pMMO), . (sMMO p) , O2 , , (Semrau et al., 2010). sMMO , pMMO . pMMO , , , . , , pMMO , sMMO. , , , pMMO , , , pMMO (Leak and Dalton, 1986)
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. 1. . . . H4F: ; H4MPT: .
: pMMO: ; sMMO: ; MeDH: ; hps: 6--; fdh: ; RuBisCO: 1,5-; SHMT: . ( , - .)
pMMO , ICMS ( (Anthony, 1982; Semrau et al., 2010).
1.2. .
, , . , , . : , pMMO, , , . , , . NH+4 NO3- S2- SO42- , , .. . , .
1.2.1. pMMO
, pMMO (. 2). , , (), , . () H/ , . , . , , .
pMMO (AMO; Holmes et al., 1995) , . , pMMO (Cook and Shiemke, 2002; Choi et al., 2003; Shiemke et al., 2004), , , (UQH2) (Arp et al., 2007; Simon and Klotz, 2013).
, . , . , PQQ- (MeDH), (Anthony,2004). MeDH, (Leak and Dalton, 1986). - , , , (Semrau et al., 2010). , , , , . , , 2-: (NDH-2), (Choi et al., 2003).
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2/4, . . pMMO MeDH O2/CH4, , (Fassel et al., 1992; Kitmitto et al., 2005;Culpepper and Rosenzweig, 2014)
()H, , , (Trotsenko andMurrell, 2008; Vorholt 2002). , (Furuto et al., 1999; Lontoh et al., 2000). , 2 ( ), , pMMO , (Kalyuzhnaya et al., 2013). , pMMO, . , , , , NAD (P) H .
. 2. (pMMO).
, . , pMMO (Q8H2). , . (MeDH) pMMO. + . ( , .)
1.2.2.
, , , . ; , , , , - . () H , , , .
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1.2.3. ,
, (Whittenbury et al., 1970), , , , . , , . , pMMO (MeDH), ., , MeDH () ICMs, , pMMO (Culpepper and Rosenzweig, 2014), (. 2). , pMMO ICMS , MeDH . , ICMS , pMMO MeDH, . / , , . pMMO MeDH , (Culpepper and Rosenzweig, 2014). , , .
1.2.4.
, , , , . , , CoA . I ( Methylomicrobium Methylomonas) , , . 13 , Embden- - (EMP), - (EDD) , (Kalyuzhnaya et al., 2013). , , , . - , , .
Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b Methylocystis Sp. SB2 Methylocella Silvestris , (Yang et al., 2013;Matsen et al., 2013; Vorobev et al., 2014; Crombie and Murrell, 2014). , - (EMC) (GS). 13 , (60%) (Yang et al., 2013). , / GS, 2 50% . , 1- , ( 1). , .
(1) -, -, - . ., .
(2) CO2, , .
(3) 1 23 (Dedysh and Dunfield, 2011; Semrau et al., 2011; Crombie and Murrell, 2014). , .
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(4) , M. silvestri n-, 24 (Etiope Ciccioli, 2009). , - .
1
, . http://www.methanotroph.org.
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() | ||||
pVK100 | RK2/RP4 (IncP) | Tc, Km | Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (Lloyd et al., 1999), Methylomicrobium album BG8 (Nguyen and Chan, 2003) | , - gfp |
pSRK-Km | pBBR1 | Km | Methylococcus capsulatus Bath (Welander and Summons, 2012) | |
pBHR1 | pBBR1 | Km, Cm | Methylomonas sp. st. 16a (Sharpe et al., 2007) | |
pMHA200 | RK2/RP4 (IncP) | Km | Methylocella silvestris BL2 (Theisen et al., 2005) Methylococcus capsulatus Bath (Ali and Murrel, 2008. | |
pHM1 | RSF1010 (IncQ) | Km, Strept | Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (Lloyd et al., 1999) | |
pAWP78 | RK2/RP4 (IncP) | Km | Methylomicrobium buryatense (Puri et al., 2015) |