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1. 2 2, 1 (R1 à ∞), 1 (R à ∞). Rh1, Rh2 , R0, R. , R R0, R2. , R = R2, U = U2, R = R1 + R2, . 1 . 2, :

I = I2 = U/(R + R);

U = IR = UR/(R + R);

U=UR/(R0+R) = URR/((R + R) *(R0+R));

U0 = U U.

, , 2 , U = U, U0 = 0. (R à ∞), I = 0, U = U, I2 = U/(R0 + R) , . U = RI2 = UR/(R0 + R) U0 = U - U, 2 (R à ∞)

U= U, U0 = 0.

, R . 2 U, , U0 , , . R0 = R , , U = U0 = U/2.

2. ( 1 . 1). 1, 2 . , 1, 2 (R1 à ∞, R2 à ∞)), Rh1=Rh2=Rh.

. 1 . 3. R0, R1, R2 Rh , . 3: U0 = U1= U2 = UR0/(R0 + R). . R >> R0, U0, U1, U2 U, 12.1.038-82 t>1. , .

, R0 à ∞, R1 à ∞, R2 à ∞, , . 3, U0 = U1 = U2 = URh/(Rh + 2R). Rh >> 2R, 1, 2 U , . , .

3. 1 2 ( 2 2) , 1 (. . 1), . . R à∞. U0, U1, U2, 2, k=R1/R = R1/(R1 + R2), 1 2 (0 ≤ k ≤ 1). Rh , R0, R, R. . 1. . 4, R1 = R1; R2 = R2; U1 = UK1; U2 = UK2.

U0, U1, U2 . 4 .

. 4 . 5,

R12 = R1 + R2 + R1R2/R1;

R13 = R1 + R1 + R1R1/R2;

R23 = R2 + R1 + R2R1/R1.

R1=kR, R2=(1-k)R, R12 = R(1 + k(1-k)R /R1);

R13 = kR + R1/(1-k);

R23 = (1-k)R + R1/k.

R = R0R13/(R0 + R13),

R2 = R2R23/(R2 + R23), . 5 . 6.

. 5 . 6

R=R12(R+R2)/(R12+R+ R2) . 6

U=U2+U0 = UR/(R + R);

U0 = UR/(R + R2);

U2 = U U0.

. 4, U, U0, U2 . 7. , . 7 . 8, R = R1R2/(R1 + R2) = k(1-k)R; U = (U2/R2 U0/R1)k(1-k)R. , R1 = kR, R2 = (1-k)R, , α = U0/U = R/(R + R2), :

U=U(k-α).

. 7 . 8

. 8 ,

U1=UR1/(R+R1)=UH(k-α)/(1+k(1-k)RH/R1)

U1 , U1 U2 . , () , .

. 4 .

k=α R1 U1=0, R0/R2=RH1/RH2.

, 0 U. U R R/R. . . k = R1/R, , .

, U0=U2=U/2 ( , ).

(. ).

, .

1. , .

2. U U , .

3. 1 (. . 2). 1, , R1, R2, 2 R1 ∞. I2 = f(R), U2 = f(R2), U0 = f(R2). R2 U0, U1, U2, I2 R2 à∞.

4. 2 (. . 3). R1, R2, ∞, 2 , , R1, R2 . U2 = f(R0) U2 (R0 à ∞).

5. 3 (. . 4).

F, 2 - 3 , , U1 = f(k), U2 = f(k), U0 = f(k). R1U0, U1, U2, I2.

1.

2. 3 U0, U1, U2, I2 .

t, , 1, 2 . t = 50/U, 0,1 ≤ t ≤ 1c; U .

3. I , , I2, 1 3.

1. , , . .

2. . .

3. ( IN) ( TT). R0 ?

4. U2, k = 0,2, R0 = 4 , R2 = 8 R1 8 4 ? R = R R0, R1 R2.

5. U1, R1 2 4 ? : R0 = 2 , R2 = 8 , k = 0,2, R = R = 0,1 .

6. , .

7. .

8. U1, U2 1, 2, TN-C-S U = 220 R = 80 .

1. .., .. : . .: , 2005. 400 .

2. 12.1.030-81. . . . .

3. 12.1.038-82. . . .

4. : -6 -7. 8- . : . . -, 2007. 854 .

1. 腅.1

2. 1. .6

3. 2. .15





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