4.
32- i386, i486, Pentium, Pentium Pro Pentium II , 32. i386, i486 32-, Pentium, Pentium Pro Pentium II 64-. 4 ,
. /, .
i80286 Virtual Real Mode i8086. i8086 Windows, OS/2, Unix. , , 8-, 16- 32- , , , (16-
) (32- ). .
. , . , , 4 , . , .
. 32- . 3.8. : ; ; ; ; ; ; ; .
- i8086 i80286 32- . 32- (Expanded ).
EIP . 16- 16 (IP).
EF 32 . 16 EF F 16- . EF :
□ (ID, Identification Flag) (CPUID, Central Processor Unit Identification) Pentium+' 486;
□ (VIP, Virtual Interrupt Pending) Pentium;
□ (VIF, Virtual Interrupt Flag) IF (Pentium);
□ (AC, Alignment Check). 3. = 1 AM = 1 (AM CR0), , (2, 4, 8)2 , 17 ( i486+);
□ (VM, Virtual 8086 Mode) 8086. 13;
|
|
□ (RF, Resume Flag). RF . .
. i8086 i80286 (DS. CS, SS, ES), : FS GS. . 32- , 20- ( ) .
CR0CR3 (Control Register) , . CR0 MSW i80286 . CR1 ; CR2 32- , ; 20 CR3 -. CR4 (Pentium) .
. - GDTR IDTR 32- 16- . TR LDTR 16- . , 32- , 20- .
DR0DR3 (Debug Register) 32- ; DR4DR5 ; DR6 ; DR7 .
TR (Test Register) - , : 386 TR6 TR7, Pentium II TR1 TR12. -.