, . .
, . . .
, , , .
, .
.11.
:
E = C + I + G + NX.
, ( Y=E) . . Y=E . , .. .
(Y1) (Y0), , (AD < AS). , . . , (AD = AS).
Y2 Y0, , (AD > AS). , . Y0 (AD = AS).
(deflationary gap) , , . , , , .
(inflationary gap) , , (non-accelerating inflation level of unemployment (NAIRU). , , , , . , (demand inflation).
Y0 : C, I, G NX. . AD .
|
|
∆A = ∆(a + i + g + nx) .
.
m = ∆Y/ ∆A,
m ; ∆Y - ; ∆A - , .
, () () . .
∆Ca, (Y) , , , MPC*∆Ca. MPC*∆Ca .. -.
∆Ca↑ ═ AD↑ ═ Y↑═ C↑═ AD↑ ═ Y↑ ═ C↑ ..
. , .
, , , , . - , MPC ( ).
, (), .
Y0 Y*, , , .. ( AD = AS ).
. , . :
∆Y= * .
, (), .
Y0 Y**, , . AD : , ( ). ( ). :
∆Y= - * .
17.
- .